Intro to Accounting Notes

Business Environment Accounting: The information system that measures business activities, processes the information Into reports, and communicates the results to decision makers. Two Major Fields of Accounting: 1 ) Financial Accounting: The field of accounting that focuses on providing information for external decision makers. 2) Managerial Accounting: The field of accounting that focuses on providing information for internal decision makers. Certified Public Accountants (Spas): Licensed professional accountants who serve the mineral public.Certified Management Accountants (Camas): Certified professionals who specialize in accounting and financial management knowledge that typically work for a single company. Financial Accounting Standards Board (FAST): private organization that oversees the creation and governance of accounting standards. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): the US government agency that oversees the US financial markets. Generally Accepted Accounting Principl es (GAP): the main US accounting rule book, created and governed by the FAST.Cost Principle: states that acquired assets and services should be recorded at their actual cost. Going Concern Assumption: assumes that the entity will remain in operation for the foreseeable future. Accounting Equation: Assets-Liableness + Equity Assets: an economic resource that is expected to benefit the business in the future. Liabilities: debts that are owed to creditors. Retained Earnings: capital earned by profitable operations off corporation that is not distributed to stockholders. Net Income: the result of operations that occurs when total revenues are greater Han total expenses.Revenues: amounts earned from delivering goods or services to customers. Expenses: the cost of selling goods or services. Steps to Analyze a Transaction Assets Liabilities + Equity (Contributed Capital & Retained Earnings) Cash + Acts Race + Supplies+Land = Acts Payable + Common Stock – Dividends + Revenue – Expenses 1) Identify the accounts & account type -Cash (Asset) & Common Stock (Equity) 2) Decide if each account increases or decreases 3) Determine if the accounting equation is in balanceAccounts Payable: a short term liability that will be paid in the future Accounts Receivable: business expects to receive cash in the future from customers for goods sold or services performed. 4 Types of Financial Statements 1) Income Statement: Reports net income/net loss of business for specific period 2) Statement of Retained Earnings: Reports how the company's retained earnings balance changed from the beginning to the end of the period. 3) Balance Sheet: Reports on the assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity of the business as of a pacific date. ) Statement of Cash Flows: Reports on the business's cash receipts and cash payments for a specific period. Return on Assets (ROAR): measures how profitably a company uses its assets. Return on Assets = Net income/Average total assets Average Total Assets = Beginning total assets + ending total assets 12 4 Reasons Stockholders Equity Can Change: Stockholders equity is broken out into two components, contributed capital and retained earnings, as shown in the accounting equation. The basic component of contributed stock capital is stock.

Geographical Information System In Meteorology Environmental Sciences Essay

Despite a batch of attempts by scientists in specifying what geographical information system ( GIS ) is, definitions still vary and sometimes can add to confusion. Many definitions can be referred to in this essay but we will restrict ourselves to two definitions. The first 1 is by Longly et Al, A ( 2004 ) who define GIS by mentioning to it as the survey â€Å" of the cardinal issues originating from the creative activity, managing, storage and usage of geographic information † ( p.3 ) . The 2nd definition is by Heywood ( 2006 ) who defines GIS as a â€Å" system for capturing, hive awaying, look intoing, incorporating, pull stringsing, analysing and exposing informations which are spatially referenced to the Earth † ( p.9 ) . In his of import book, Mirror Worlds, Gelernter ( 1992 ) argues that â€Å" we are populating in a universe where the existent and the digital universes are meeting † and that â€Å" you will look into a computing machine screen and see world. Some portion of your world- the town you live in, the company you work for, your school system, the metropolis hospital- will hang at that place in a crisp coloring material image, abstract but recognizable, traveling subtly in a 1000 topographic points † ( p.1 ) . The rise of smart systems is seting more information at our fingertips. Our nomadic phones, loaded with a assortment of applications, can draw all of this information together to state us where precisely we are and how far we are from a nice cup of java. We can book a vacation and acquire day-to-day updates of the conditions conditions at our finish. Of class, there are wider and arguably more of import utilizations of smart systems beyond these strictly superficial app lications. The usage of geographical information systems ( GIS ) has been at the really head of Gelernter ‘s ( 1992 ) vision of the ‘mirror universe ‘ . As a affair of fact the usage of such systems stems from the inflow of computing machines into America during the sixtiess. Harmonizing to Chapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) these early systems were used to, â€Å" supply a simplified position of the existent universe by exposing digital particular information as dynamic electronic maps † ( p. 314 ) . They go on to reason that GIS has now, â€Å" evolved into a powerful direction tool used for capturing, patterning, analyzing and exposing spacial informations † ( p. 314 ) . Here we see a clear illustration of the digital and the existent universes clashing with potentially illimitable third applications for the information gathered. This essay we will see the usage of GIS specifically in the field of weather forecasting. In this regard the first subdivision will supply a brief debut to some of the issues here and besides show a conceptual model that will function to steer the subsequent research. The 2nd subdivision will see the existent application of GIS in weather forecasting, pulling on specific illustrations of its usage. How is the information collected and how is it used? What are some of the possible chances and challenges that it presents? These are merely some of the inquiries that this subdivision will trust to reply. The concluding subdivision will be a decision that will try to pull the statements together.Section 1: Gilbert and MeteorologyPlanet Earth is experiencingA of all time altering climatic events which are doing, about every twenty-four hours, the headlines of the intelligence requiring, therefore, more surveies and research. Although the survey of conditions and clime is indispensable beca use exposing climatic informations and information is of a affair of involvement for the populace for different grounds, it is even more of import for meteorologists as it constitute a really important beginning of information for their field. Tveito et Al ( 2008 ) argue that the public demand for information on assorted climatological, meteoric, hydrological and environmental issues requires, â€Å" multifacet, cross-discipline informations or cognition so that quantitative methodological analysiss and tools are necessary to pull out, analyse, form and measure the needed information † ( p. 6 ) . They go on to reason that in this context, GIS has emerged as a powerful tool due to the fact that it makes it possible to, â€Å" combine all necessary processs for visual image, integrating, flexible combination and storage of information for different informations sets † ( p. 6 ) . Thorne ( 2005 ) observes that over the past decennary, the usage of GIS has experienced an rush in involvement due to the falling monetary values of consumer GIS merchandises, faster calculating treating power and the rise of the cyberspace. This has resulted in, â€Å" a set of fast real-time bespoke solutions and visual images for ma ny national meteoric services and terminal users † ( p. I ) . However, Van der Wel ( 2008 ) argues, the usage of GIS in weather forecasting is being held back for a figure of grounds. He observes that, â€Å" the credence of commercial GIS tools beyond climatology is still a cumbrous procedure, partially caused by the defects underlying the information theoretical account and partially by the deficiency of cognition of applicable GIS methods † ( p. 11 ) . Another possible account is put frontward by Petrosyan ( 2001 ) , who posits that meteorologists are, â€Å" more concerned with the inquiry why phenomena happen and less with the part where they go on † ( p. 26 ) . This begs the inquiry of merely how GIS is being utilised in this field. Chapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) argue that the usage of GIS in weather forecasting allows for spacial variables to be compared with other variables, ensuing in datasets that can potentially profit a whole host of different maps. They observe that, â€Å" climatological and meteoric phenomena are of course spatially variable and therefore GIS represent a utile solution to the direction of huge spacial clime datasets for a broad figure of applications † ( p. 314 ) . Thornes ( 2005 ) subsequently expands on this, by saying that, â€Å" GIS methods allow the elaborate analysis of spacial forms of assorted atmospheric parametric quantities, supplying an in deepness expression into the regularities and variableness of conditions and clime over clip and infinite † ( p. I ) . Chapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) argue that GIS serves a double intent in weather forecasting. These are the derivation of informations and the subsequent customization of informations in third applications. Figu re 1 shows their conceptual theoretical account of this double function.Figure 1: Conceptual Model of the Dual Role of GIS in Meteorology( beginning: Chapman and Thornes, 2003: 314 ) The balance of this essay will utilize this conceptual theoretical account as a model for the argument into the utilizations of GIS in weather forecasting. This essay will concentrate chiefly on the customization portion of the theoretical account, as it is here that we see the existent application of the informations to existent life state of affairss.Section 2: Uses of GIS in MeteorologyChapman and Thornes ‘ ( 2003 ) theoretical account shows that the first function of GIS in weather forecasting is derivation. This chiefly concerns itself with how the information is collected. Although this essay trades chiefly on the 2nd conceptual function of GIS, it is deserving sing the first briefly.2.1: Derivation of Spatial Climate DataChapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) observe that there are three chief signifiers of the derivation of spacial clime informations. These are: distant detection ; baseline climatologies ; and climate insertion. Therefore, it would be deserving sing these three s ubjects individually.2.1.1: Distant FeelingChapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) province that GIS and remote feeling are really similar subjects. In world, they are so similar that it is difficult to separate or find where one ends and where the other Begins. However, the chief differentiation is that distant detection, â€Å" enables the acquisition of large-scale comprehensive datasets where as GIS provides a agency to expose and analyze the information † ( p.315 ) .2.1.2: Baseline ClimatologiesChapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) observe that clime informations is frequently displayed in a GIS in a assortment of different ways. They argue that because clime informations is normally a point beginning, one of the chief challenges in weather forecasting is how to project this information across a wider spacial sphere. They province that the extrapolation of clime informations, â€Å" has enabled good estimations of an country ‘s baseline climatology without the demand for extended aud ience of conditions records † ( p. 316 ) .2.1.3: Climate InterpolationChapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) argue that, â€Å" when covering with more spatially comprehensive clime datasets, the issue is non the illation of'first estimate ‘ baseline climatology, but alternatively the insertion of point station informations across the landscape by geostatistical techniques † ( p. 317 ) . The above has outlined the methods by which spacial clime datasets are gathered. These datasets can so be compared in a GIS, along with informations gathered from other beginnings. The ensuing informations can be tailored to run into the demands of a assortment of third applications. The undermentioned subdivision of this essay will see some of these applicationsl.2.2: Application of Spatial Climate DataOnce information has been collected, it is of import that it can be put to good usage in a assortment of ways. As already stated, the possible application of informations collected by GIS is illimitable but this essay will see some of the major applications.2.2.1: AgribusinessAgribusiness is possibly the biggest donee of the usage of GIS in weather forecasting. The usage of such systems allows for husbandmans to break predict and understand the conditions and how this could impact on their harvest outputs. There are infinite illustrations of this in operation and this essay shall now show a few. Madeline and Beltrando ( 2005 ) analyze how spacial interpolation-based function of spring hoars has helped Champagne manufacturers in northern France. The vineries in this part are highly sensitive to extreme frost events that sometimes occur in spring. In 2003, 50 % of the Champagne vineries were destroyed by a terrible hoar. The merchandise of these vineries is highly of import to the economic well-being of this part of France and so it of import to hold in topographic point a dependable prediction system that can foretell minimal temperatures. Madeline and Beltrando ( 2005 ) usage GIS to set up relationships between the minimal temperatures in certain vineries and the assorted other geographic and topological factors that cause fluctuation in temperature. They province that the usage of GIS allowed them to, â€Å" construct a map of the norm estimated minimal temperatures across the whole vinery country which can be used by vino agriculturists to place frost sensitive countries † ( p. 54 ) . This should decrease the opportunity of future hoar harm to this economically of import harvest. Another survey conducted by Menkir et Al ( 2000 ) used GIS spacial climatic informations of 114 sites in sub-Saharan Africa to see distinguishable zone where corn would turn best. They found that corn would react best in forest-transition savannas, Northern Guinea savannas, Sudan savannas and mid height parts. This information is potentially really utile for nutrient policy contrivers.2.2.2: EcologyChapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) observe that, â€Å" in much the same manner as possible harvest distribution can be modelled utilizing GIS based agroclimatic theoretical accounts, ecological diverseness can be modelled with regard to spacial clime datasets † ( p. 320 ) . There are several noteworthy illustrations of this. Rodhouse ( 2010 ) uses GIS informations to analyze how the altering ocean environment is impacting on cephalopod populations. Waluda and Rodhouse ( 2005 ) usage GIS informations to research the impact of angling on the population of the Jumbo winging calamari. This e ssay would propose that the usage of GIS in this sphere is likely to increase in approaching old ages as the argument around planetary heating and how it could be impacting on species becomes of all time more pressure.2.2.3: ForestryGIS can function multiple intents in forestry. Like in agribusiness and ecology, it can be used to place different clime zones or to foretell the output of a peculiar country. However, GIS has been put to some advanced usage in this field. For illustration, Hantzschel et Al ( 2005 ) usage GIS to gauge radiation balances, temperature and evapotranspiration degrees in different types of flora. One of their most interesting decisions, sing the subject of this essay, is that changeless betterments in engineering will take to better consequences in the hereafter and increase the importance of GIS in the hereafter. They province that, â€Å" the lasting betterment in declaration and quality of the digital surface informations allows an improved simulation of the existent land surface and the associated feedback between topography, land usage variableness and meteoric measures and will increase the importance of GIS-based theoretical account consequences in the close hereafter † ( p. 41 ) . Pew and Larsen ( 2001 ) used GIS to analyze the spacial and temporal form of wildfires caused by worlds on Vancouver Island. They argue that being able to accurately foretell where and when wildfires are most common is, â€Å" a first measure in cut downing their effects † ( p. 1 ) .2.2.4: Weather ForecastingChapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) argue that GIS has become, â€Å" a cardinal direction constituent in conditions processing systems leting instantaneous plotting, insertion and life of conditions informations across any isobaric degree of the ambiance † ( p. 322 ) . For illustration, Kumar et Al ( 1998 ) show that through the usage of distant detection signatures, GIS can be used to alarm specific locations of the way of a tropical cyclone. This is a potentially life salvaging application of GIS. Chapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) observe that GIS, â€Å" partly automates prediction by easing velocity and throughput of conditions informations in real-time every bit good as supplying support for traditional conditions treating undertakings such as contouring and superposition † ( p. 320 ) .2.2.5: ConveyanceGIS is peculiarly utile for conveyance contrivers as it can be used to help in be aftering for winter route care. Thornes et Al ( 2005 ) used GIS to analyze a stretch of route in Poland to foretell route temperatures at certain times of twelvemonth. Better apprehension of route temperatures can assist transport contrivers know when to stock up on grit and when they should be directing out gritting trucks. The manner Britain land to a arrest in February 2010 should function as a timely reminder that this is still non an exact scientific discipline. Hopefully the betterments in GIS that Hantzschel et Al ( 2005 ) reference in their survey should take to more acurate anticipations in the hereafter.2.2.6: Climate ChangeIt could be argued that all the applications of GIS presented in this essay have some bearing on clime alteration. Chapman and Thorn es ( 2003 ) argue that GIS has become, â€Å" a visual image tool for the end product of clime theoretical accounts such as general circulation theoretical accounts used to foretell the planetary impacts of hypothesise clime alteration scenarios † ( p. 325 ) . It is likely that as engineering improves and smart systems are able to interact with each other in more productive and effectual ways, GIS will go on to play a critical function in supplying information that charts the impacts of planetary heating.Section 3: Concluding RemarksThe debut to this essay quoted the work of Gelernter ( 1992 ) who argued that the existent and the practical universe were traveling of all time closer together. This essay would reason that GIS represents the realisation of this vision in many ways. The usage of GIS in the field of weather forecasting are basically illimitable and will undoubtedly better as calculating treating power grows greater and telecommunications improve. A recent particul ar study in The Economist ( 2010 ) looked at the rise of smart systems. These systems are bring forthing immense sums of informations that we are merely merely understanding what to make with. The study notes that, â€Å" smart systems may be humankind ‘s best hope for covering with its pressing environmental jobs † ( p. 4 ) . Smart systems can be used to do power grids, transit webs and H2O distribution systems more efficient. GIS will play a cardinal function in assisting to use the informations produced by smart systems and guaranting that it is put to the best possible usage. This essay would reason that GIS will go on in the development that Chapman and Thornes ( 2003 ) referred to earlier in this essay. However, it is the belief of this essay that we are merely get downing to see the possible applications and utilizations of GIS in the field of weather forecasting. This essay has merely touched on a few countries where it is being utilized at the minute. As terminal users in the assorted subjects learn to tackle the power of the information that is at their disposal, GIS will go on to play a polar function in how we understand the universe. Thornes ( 2005 ) remarks that, â€Å" the hereafter for the usage of GIS by atmospheric scientists is bright but increased coaction between the GIS and atmospheric communities is limited by information substructures that do n't easy interoperate † ( p. three ) . This essay would reason that it is merely a affair of clip before differences between these information substructures are resolved and the true potenc y of GIS can be unleashed.

U.S. Federal Reserve Monetary Policy

The United States is one of the few industrialized country in the world.   It is a country that is admired by many. The Americans have managed their finances quite well. The Federal Reserves system of the United States is one institution that handles financial fraction of the United States of America. It is the central bank of this developed country that was created by the Congress in 1913 to aid in having a safe, flexible and stable monetary and financial system (http//www.federalreserve.gov). To keep up with the mission of the Federal Reserve, they have created Monetary Policy. This policy is about all the actions taken by the Federal Reserve System regarding the cost and availability of money as well as in promoting economic goals. The Monetary policy is a very powerful tool; it can make or break the status of economic variables like employment and prices of goods and services. This is a responsibility is very crucial for the economic status of the country since their decisions dictates the would be trend. The task of handling monetary policy lies in the hand of able team members of the Federal System, the Federal Open Market Committee. This committee includes the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Reserve Bank presidents (http//www.federalreserve.gov). Making monetary policies is a task that requires close scrutiny and careful examinations of data at hand. The Federal Open Market Committee has tools that aid them in making sound decisions about the policies that will be made by them and implemented country-wide. These three tools are open market operations, discount rate and reserve requirements. An open market operation is one tool used for monetary policies. This tool of monetary policy concerns controlling the supply of money by a buy and sell of U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities. They guide their decisions from the current status of the country’s economy regarding exchange rates or interest rates. The decisions are also based on an objective that is set by the Federal System. This objective is stipulated by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). The objective that is set by Federal Open Market Committee each economic year varies accordingly (http//www.federalreserve.gov). Though there is one thing that is constant is that they base their assessment on how to maintain the stability of prices in the market to encompass a sustainable growth. An open market operation has also change through time. Nowadays, it can also be done electronically. The discount rate is the second tool of monetary policy. The federal system has regional banks and they also give loans to other commercial banks and institutions. The interest rate charged to these intuitions is the discount rate (http//www.federalreserve.gov). This is not given to just any bank or any depository institution though. They have to still meet a specific set of requirements to be able to loan and on what level of credit scoring from the federal system. Reserve requirements are the third tool in creating a monetary policy. The Board of Governors has the exclusive right to amend a change regarding these requirements (http//www.federalreserve.gov). This dictates the minimum reserve regarding customers’ deposits and notes. This year, the recorded reserve requirements in America is ten percent on transaction deposits and zero on time deposits and all other deposits. The booming field of information technology has helped lift the economic conditions in the country. In 2005, it has recorded 12.41 trillion dollars as its gross domestic product (GDP). GDP is one of the measures used to indicate how good the economy of a country is doing. This rate will include the measures of all finished products created and services produced (Wikipedia). It is wise that companies and businesses in the United States have the flexibility to adapt innovations in the field of information technology to make them more profitable. Koznar (2005) has said in his speech that the current stability in the economy is also because of the labor markets contribution. He has attributed some qualities of the American economy that makes it successful. These qualities include flexibility,  Ã‚   trade liberalization, and The monetary policy of the United States has been into ups and downs but the Federal Reserve team members are determined to succeed and to maintain a high standard. They are aiming on a more efficient and effective operation by having just a few locations. Federal Reserve is an independent entity, it is neither under the government’s jurisdiction nor is it to be called a private institution. They make sure that the monetary policies that they implement are in accordance to what the economy needs to succeed by careful deliberating the information presented and analyzing diverse views of the team members. Each of the monetary policy council member also its own team help them in formulating their positions for the economy. The team is complete from an economist and a financial analyst to translate the trends in the market, a payments system expert to check if the policies will an advantage, to an attorney to make sure that every policy is in accordance with the law thus it will not be questioned. Success is nothing if you can not measure it. In an international trade scene, economies of scale will play a critical role in determining the unit cost that will increase returns. Better organizational skills are needed by a management team that is gearing towards success. These factors include how we perceive the environment, time, power, structures and space; the emphasis we place on relationships or tasks, on individuals or the collective; how we think and communicate. Productivity within a team needs to be established for this is critical regarding the success of a company or an institution. Each component contributes to the behavior of the system. No component has an independent effect on the system. The behavior of the system is changed if any component is removed or changed. Reference: Krozner, Randall S. â€Å"Remarks by Governor Randall S. Kroszner   At The Forecasters Club of New York†, September 27, 2006. Federal Reserve. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2006/20060927/default.htm Federal Reserve System. Monetary Policy. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from Wikipedia. Economy of the United States. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States

The organisational change of a packaged manufacturing company of Essay

The organisational change of a packaged manufacturing company of Australia named Amcor - Essay Example The paper tells that in present day’s dynamic and competitive business context, organisations need to adjust with the fluctuating environmental situations by constantly introducing changes so that they can stay competitive and cost-effective. Substantial transformations take place when an organisation carry out changes, for instance, apply new technology, develop union, make acquisition, reduce tasks, reorganise operations, or introduce new programs. Organisational changes are generally encouraged by a requirement to maintain or develop organisations’ efficiency. The efficiency relates to the organisations’ capability to utilise resources competently, to accomplish immediate objectives as well as to embrace the prerequisite to changing business condition. Thus, organisational changes help organisations to stay competent for longer period of time. According to Ackerman, there are three kinds of organisational change which are developmental change, transitional cha nge and transformational change. Developmental change refers to the change for augmenting and developing the present situation of an organisation. It often emphasises on developing the abilities and the procedures. The transitional change denotes shifting from present condition to anticipated condition where provisional shift happens over an organised time period. The transformational change is fundamental in nature and necessitates an alteration in expectations on the part of organisation and the employees. (Ramanathan, 2009). Organisational Development Organisational development is a procedure and activity which helps to bring transformations and accomplish greater efficiencies such as augmented financial performance, improved customer satisfaction and better employee participation among others. The focus of organisational development is to assess the present functioning of organisation and accomplish the objectives by increasing the ability. Organisational change is a wider conce ption than organisational development and can be used in managing the organisational transformation (Cummings & Worley, 2008). The nature of change in Amcor is developmental change because it had applied change across numerous locations, divisions and business units in order to develop the safety measures and improve the performance through reduction of time and cost. Amcor had used the constant improvement approach of change which empowers the employees to lead towards alteration from bottom-up stage. The strategic objective of change for Amcor is to maintain accountability in packaging experience (Manufacturing Skills, 2007). Context and Background Amcor is a manufacturing organisation based in Melbourne (Australia), which produces varieties of plastic, string, copper and glass wrapping products and delivers packaging oriented services. Its business has spread in 24 nations and almost half of the income is derived from outside of Australia. It is known as one of the most significa nt organisations on the basis of market capitalisation, sales and profit in the international market (Charles Sturt University, 2011). With the increased competition in the global market, Amcor had faced the challenges of high raw material price and the need for improving customer and market competences. These aspects had resulted in the requirement of organisational change in Amcor. Amcor operates in a progressively competitive business environment where only the fittest and capable organisation can survive and prosper. Thus, in order to survive in the market, Amcor had transformed the organisational culture and behaviour by implementing lean manufacturing in their

Peer Review primary research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Peer Review primary - Research Paper Example Yes. The article’s goal according to Aazam et al 2010 is to indicate how one can cope up with life after undergoing a surgical operation due to various diseases. Through the support of nurses, the patients are educated on how to manage the situation. The treatments of the disease include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy which cause a lot of pain to the patient and worries. Yes a qualitative methodology is appropriate. Aazam et al 2010 indicates various techniques that are qualitative in nature that can be applied by the patients as well as nurses to address the disease. The article focus was to indicate how a patient can continue with life after undergoing surgical operation, according to this article, the problem is quality of life in ostomy patients incase one is diagnosed and treatment starts for instance in case the doctor decides to do a biopsy which may work or not. This is a weakness since if biopsy does not work then pain and bleeding may occur increasingly and the only remaining thing is to start chemotherapy and radiotherapy which again may work or not which is given a number of day so that the doctor can diagnose and see whether things are okay. According to Aazam et al 2010, qualitative methodology is the right methodology for addressing the research goal since at long last is to survive through the entire period with a colostomy, urostomi es and ileostomies maintaining good relationship with the stoma nurse. Yes. Aazam et al 2010, article research design was appropriate to address the aims of the research. Aazam and others adopted various ideas from experts in order to address his aims. Additionally, the article included ideas from published nursing articles in order to provide adequate information that is reliable and resourceful for nurses. According to the article, during the entire period of pain and worries, one may have a major or a minor surgery but major surgery is mostly done and this

Social effects of Telecommuting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social effects of Telecommuting - Essay Example This means that home is no longer seen to be a refuge from a hard day’s work, but an extension of the workplace. Such situations may be problematic for some individuals because it leads to an increase in work related stress and other psychological conditions. In addition, the traditional way through which people worked and interacted at the office is lost, since the close proximity and interpersonal interactions that could be achieved at the workplace is lost. Telecommuting encourages the isolation of an individual from any form of social life and this may be detrimental to such a person’s mental health (Burger, et al 39). However, despite this isolation, by telecommuting, individuals save plenty of time which they can use working, hence an increase in productivity. In addition, with the development of new information technologies every day, the aspect of complete isolation will be completely lost in a few years, since there will be a renewal of interaction between work ers through video technologies. Such technologies will ensure that workers are able to see each other without any need for physical interaction, meaning that most of the work related activities will still be able to be done in the comfort of one’s home (Dombrow 685).Moreover, telecommuting brings about changes in the working patterns of individuals, especially those who have other obligations besides work. Among these are parents, who, because of their ability to work at home, get to spend more time with their children., something that is often beneficial for the latter (Iscan and Naktiyok 53). In addition, telecommuting enables those individuals who would otherwise not have been allowed in the workforce, in most cases disabled people, to be able to work from the comfort of their own homes, and this ensures that their levels of self-esteem due to the work they are doing is high. Furthermore, the feeling of isolation that such individuals may have is often removed due to their not having to go through the cumbersome effort of having to get to the workplace. Instead, the easy access to video calls and other technologies enables them to be able to communicate easily with their fellow workers. Moreover, telecommuting gives individuals the opportunity to continue working way past the age when they would have thought of retiring, because they do not have to spend plenty of time getting to work, instead working from home. Therefore, it has ensured that many people past their retirement age have remained productive and they are not under any pressure to stop working. This has created a situation where the knowledge and skills of individuals with years of experience have been retained, not only for the benefit of the company for which they work, but also for the

Everything is Miscellaneous Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Everything is Miscellaneous - Essay Example One thing that has gone at stake is the reliability of information. Wikipedia happens to be one of the most frequently and commonly consulted website for gathering information about any kind of subject. However, Wikipedia offers all its users to contribute to the knowledge it stores in its database because of which, it is not believed to be a credible source of information in the academic world. â€Å"Philip Bradley, a librarian and Internet consultant, said in the Guardian that Wikipedia is theoretically â€Å"a lovely idea,† but â€Å"I wouldn’t use it, and I’m not aware of a single librarian who would†Ã¢â‚¬  (Weinberger 132). Wikipedia rests on a miscellaneous system of spread of information. This paper critically analyzes a documentary that can be defined in similar terms. In this documentary (â€Å"Obsession: Radical Islam’s†), Islam is described as a threat to the Western culture. The documentary holds one of the most fundamental tene ts of Islam, called as â€Å"Jihad† as the root cause of terrorism in the world. Jihad is one of the most commonly misunderstood and misinterpreted tenets of Islam in the West. Because of the way it has been portrayed in the media, many people particularly non-Muslims think of Jihad as terrorism. Western media defines Jihad as radical Muslims’ declaration of war over the innocent non-Muslims. To give weight to image it wants to construct of Jihad, the documentary asserts that not only non-Muslims, but also many Muslims are also put to risk as a result of the spread of terrorism with Jihad because they are held accountable by the non-Muslims for the acts of the terrorist agencies. The documentary shows various scenes telecast on the TV channels mostly in Arabia in which Jihad has been defined as integrally associated with the spread of terrorism in the world (Munoz). For instance, a scholar in one of the clips shown in the documentary says that it is not a sin for a Mus lim to assassinate a non-Muslim because the latter is not more important than a cow. It is important to note that to understand Jihad in its true spirit, it is imperative that the history of Islam is read and Jihad is understood in context in which it has been made obligatory upon the followers of Islam. In order to understand the real meaning of Jihad, it must be noticed that most clips included in the documentary show misleading scholars that either are misinformed about the significance of Jihad in Islam or intentionally describe it wrongly so as to create confusions and controversies about Islam. Such scholars are funded by anti-Islamic agencies that want to deter non-Muslims from embracing Islam, considering the fact that Islam is the fastest spreading religion in the world today. The documentary also shares some right concepts about Jihad. This makes it a mix of correct and incorrect descriptions of Jihad. For instance, the documentary tells that Jihad’s literal meaning is â€Å"struggle† which is correct (Fatoohi). â€Å"In Qur'an it is not jihad but values like justice, compassion and forgiveness are more prominent. While these values are permanent and transcendent, war (for which Qur'an uses the word qital, not jihad) is contextual and defensive only when such situation arises† (Ali). Every year, millions of non-Muslims embrace Islam by their own choice rather than by

Chinese Literature Final 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chinese Literature Final 1 - Essay Example For proof of the key roles Wang Shao and Tanqian played in the campaigns, Wang Shaos (d. 601) authorship of the Shenli ganying ji, a anthology of miracle account associated with the first two relic-distribution campaigns. And, based on a judgment of the regret text used during the campaigns and a work by Tanqian, Chen influentially argues that Tanqian in all likelihood composed the former as well. Han Yu thought that Buddha was repulsive. Buddha did not respect royal and citizen rights. Yu thought that Buddha’s principles that would have had him incarcerated in modern days. Yu having found Buddha dirty and unclean felt that a reputed bone from Buddha was a bad sign. Since the royal courts were in themselves divine to bring an unclean relic in them was sacrilege. The reputed Buddha bone was also considered dirty due to the fact it was part of a dead man. The dead had no part in the royal residences or around the king. Great care was taken when discarding a dead body, so disease and uncleanness would not spread. Yu went on to defend this view by asserting that even if Buddha came back and struck him down, his duty was to the king first. Religion and relics came second, Yu’s loyalty was to the

Life of Charlemagne Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Life of Charlemagne - Essay Example However, in the bibliography that he has written he clearly chose to give in to the "lust of immortality to celebrate the glorious deeds of other times (Einhard 1)." The bibliography is obviously written with the purpose of extolling Charlemagne and highlighting his virtues for the knowledge of the generation to come. The Life of Charlemagne commences by a description of the Merovingian family which used to rule France contrasting their flaws and weaknesses with the virtues of Charlemagne's ancestors. Einhard also admitted his lack of knowledge on the birth and childhood of Charlemagne thereby skipping the time span and concentrating on his military conquest (5). Charlemagne is recognized for his success in battles from his first military undertaking in the Aquitanian War to the Saxon War, Lombard War, Slavic War, and the War of the Huns. Through military force, he is also able to gain the submission of the Breton and Beneventan. Because of these victories, Charlemagne is able to largely expand his territory: "He so largely increased the Frank kingdom, which was already great and strong when he received it at his father's hands, that more than double its former territory was added to it" (16). Aside from conquering vast lands, the ruler should also be commended by winning the allegiance of several nations which is even strengthened by his fondness of sending them letters (17). He also enhanced the beauty of his kingdom through the construction of establishment including the Basilica of the Holy Mother of God and the bridge over the Rhine at Mayence (18). The latter portion of the bibliography humanizes Charlemagne by expounding his personal traits and characteristics including his looks, the manner of his dressing, and his private life. Eidhan gave a very good description Charlemagne's and his favorite food: "His meals ordinarily consisted of four courses, not counting the roast, which his huntsmen used to bring in on the spit; he was more fond of this than of any other dish" (25). After reading the bibliography of Charlemagne, I am able to look at a deeper side of him not as a hero but as an ordinary individual, who has flaws, is fond of music, and of giving. Far from the portrayed picture of him as a hero and saint in history books, the account is much more enlightening. The translator has done a good job from lifting the Latin version into English. The account is very much comprehensible, interesting, and enriching. Works Cited Eidhan. The Life of Charlemagne. Trans. S. E. Turner. 2 February 2008

Consulting in Organizations... for In and Out Advertising Essay

Consulting in Organizations... for In and Out Advertising - Essay Example The today's business world is changing in a very fast rate. The market expansion, advancement in technology, mergers and acquisitions, need for business restriction, financial constriction and government's legislation are calling for charges in business so that they can keep page with the new dynamic world. To find markets for their products organization's needs to advertise so as to create awareness of the products availability to the general customers, advertisement can be done locally, regionally, nationally and internationally depending on the type of products to be advertised. The report carries different theories that are appropriated for effective advertising in an organization. The theories covered under this report include, PESTEL, SWOT analysis, the Senge's five learning disciplines and porter's five forces. Political factor/ environment will include the tax policies by the government, government's business regulation; imposed trade tariffs and restrictions among others. Any business organization is supposed to known the tax policies affecting various regions this will help them in estimating the advertising costs in every region this evaluating its importance. The business organization is also supposed to know the government's business regulation so as to know the type of products to deal with and how to ... The business organization is also supposed to know the government's business regulation so as to know the type of products to deal with and how to advertise for the same, they also ought to know imposed tariffs and restrictions which will provide important guide on the regions on which advertisement can be done. The organization can apply the political dogma which is a set of philosophy, ethics and supposition within a given society. The political factor emerges as the most tumultuous in all the environmental forces. Any business organization needs to equip itself with the knowledge on the prevailing political climate whether locally, internationally, nationally and regionally. The political climate plays a great role in determining and evaluating the likelihood of business failure or business success. If the political climate is unstable then it will affect product's marketability affecting negatively on the total sales volume. In such a scenario it is not advisable for firms to extend their advertisement on such regions experiencing political instability. Such advertising efforts may not yield anything for the company translating into huge loses in terms of advertising in a region / nation that is politically stable will yield more success to the company a thing that enhances advertising. (Ansoff, 1965) The business organization needs to know how the economic factor affects its business enterprise, for example, if the business is being operated under a small economy then it means that greater efforts need to be applied on advertising so as to increase the sales volume. This can be extended up to the international level so as to

Experiential learning as posited in the work of Kolb and other Assignment

Experiential learning as posited in the work of Kolb and other scholars - Assignment Example Life Learning Using Kolb Cycle about Public Personal Speaking Experience Introduction David Kolb’s learning styles model was first published in 1984 and introduced terms such as experiential learning theory (ELT) and learning styles inventory (LSI). Kolb’s work entitled â€Å"Experiential Learning: Experience As The Source Of Learning And Development† reports experiential learning reported earlier including the work of Jung, Piaget and Rogers. The learning theory posited by Kolb is one that states there are four specific learning styles and these are framed in a four-stage cycle of learning. The four-stage cycle is stated by Kolb to include: (1) Concrete Experience (CE); (2) Reflective Observation (RO); (3) Abstract Conceptualization (AC); and (4) Active Experimentation (AE). (Business Balls, 2011) The four learning styles stated by Kolb include those as follows: (1) Diverging (CE/RO); (2) Assimilating (AC/RO); (3) Converging (AC/AE); and (4) Accommodating (CE/AE) (Business Balls, 2011) The following illustration is a diagram that shows the learning styles and learning types as posited in the work of David Kolb. Figure 1 Source: Business Balls (2011) The preferred learning style of the individual varies from one person to the other and the factors that influence the preference of learning style are many. The developmental stages identified by Kolb in learning include those as follows: (1) Acquisition – from birth to adolescence and include the development of the individuals most basic of abilities and the individual’s cognition; (2) Specialization – early work and individual experiences in adulthood when specialized learning style of the individual is influenced by social, educational, and organizational socialization; and (3) Integration – mid-career into later life of the individual when the individual expresses the non-dominant learning style in their work life and in their personal life. (Business Balls, 2011) Kolb held that the learning style is the result of two pairs of variables. These are conceived as lines of axis in which each has conflict at either en d as follows: Concrete Experience – CE (feeling) -----V-----Abstract Conceptualization – AC (thinking) Active Experimentation – AE (doing)-----V-----Reflective Observation (watching) A typical presentation of the two continuums of Kolb is stated to be that the Processing Continuum or the east-west axis is how the individual approaches a task and the north-south axis or the Perception Continuum is the individual’s emotional response and how they think about or feel about the task. The learning styles are the two lines of axis combined and these are formed between what Kolb states are â€Å"dialectically related modes of grasping experience (doing or watching) and transforming experience (thinking or feeing). The following illustration labeled Figure 2 in this study shows the conception of these two axis. Figure 2 Source: Business Balls (2011) Concrete experience is knowledge that is gained through practical experience while reflective observation has its focus on what the meaning of the experience is to the individual. The work of Wirth and Perkins (nd) report that there have been â€Å"calls for new kinds of learning from many different parts of society.† Student surveys are reported to indicate â€Å"that courses are not interesting, that students fail to recognize the value of what they are learning, and that many faculty rely too heavily on lectures for transmitting information.† (Wirth and Perkins, nd) It is reported that Fink (2003) reported that society and individual learners â€Å"now have different needs, both in terms of what people need to learn and how they can and should learn.† (Wirth and Perkins, nd) The work of Gardiner (1994) listed critical competencies for workers and citizens including the following competencies: (1) Personal responsibility; (2) Ability to act in principles, ethical fashion; (3) Skill in oral and written

Early Republic of America Essay Example for Free

Early Republic of America Essay The early history of early republic of America is made up of four key events that give the whole overview of this republic. That is the Alien and Sedition Acts Gabriel’s rebellion, Louisiana Purchase and the war of 1812. They bring out the picture very clearly that is, how politics and nationhood emerged then how market economy emerged, territorial expansion and the rise of slavery up to the time of the war of 1812. In a way each event contributed to the emergence of the other or the former set the stage for the later. The Alien and Sedation Acts came to be as a result of the bills that federalists passed on the congress in 1798. After John Adams signed them, they became laws. Its supporters believed it was meant to protect the lives of the Americans from attacks by citizens from enemy powers and also to prevent the government from being weakened by seditious confrontations a thing that was strongly opposed by the Democratic Republicans. These actually were from different laws which were referred to as alien and sedition acts. One of them prohibited publishing any malicious information about the government and its officials, the other one, allowed deportation of aliens through to be a threat to the stability of the nation. The third one extended the duration that aliens were required to stay before they would become full citizens. It was extended from 5 years to 14 years. The last one authorized any alien resident from any country that was at war with America to be deported. This alien and sedition acts somehow triggered the slaves rebellion that was spear headed by Gabriel Prosser. He was a black American who worked as a slave. The act of 1798 which authorized peace breakers to be deported inspired Gabriel into causing instability so that they could be deported to their mother countries. (Meinig D. W. 1993; 68-82) This rebellion was also very timely as it conceded with the time when there was a hot argument between the Haitian slave revolt and the French revolution. He wanted to take advantage of this situation. He wanted to lead this rebellion up to Richmond but they were delayed by the rains. The masters had a premonition of the rebellion and so before it could take off but it was suppressed after Gabriel was betrayed by his fellow slaves. He was questioned about the movement but he denied. His 24 followers, his two brothers and himself were hanged. The federal government of U. S. A was not much interested in Louisiana territory but specifically they were interested in the New Orleans which was very useful to them in shipping U. S. A goods to and from Appalachian mountains. By this time, it was a Spanish colony. The Pinckney’s treaty allowed Americans to transport various products like tobacco, pork, cider, cheese as well as butter. The treaty also allowed Americans to have navigation rights in the Mississippi river in 1798, Spain cancelled this treaty but it was strengthened later after negotiations between America and Spain. In 1801 the territory was ruled by Don Mannel De Salcedo after taking control from Marques. A secret treaty was signed between Americans and French the territory would remain a Spanish colony until the power would finally be transferred to the hands of the French. This eventually happened in 1803. This provoked a bitter reaction from the Democrat Republicans who reasoned that buying Louisiana would make French citizens of U. S. A but with the Alien and Sedition Acts, the federalists were sure that nothing would go wrong as anybody who would contravene the rule of law would be deported to their mother land without further ado. The idea of selling of Louisiana to America by France was opposed by the foreign minister who held a different sentiment. He believed that it would hamper their mission on the Northern America. At this time the yellow fever outbreak was greatly doing a big damage to Bonaparte’s army in Europe. He tried to make peace with United Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland but Britain’s refusal to evacuate Malta provoked France to fight Britain. These circumstances forced France to stop its N. America plans and decided to sell it to the Americans. (Meinig D. W. 1993; 68-82) It is this enmity between France and Britain that led to the war of 1812 which was fought between France, United Kingdom and the United States of America. It started between 1812-1814. The Americans joined the war on June 18th 1812 after Britain became a real threat to America. For example they included Americans into their navy; they failed to maintain neutral trade and allegations that Britain was supporting American Indians against American colonialists. Also another thing that led America to join the war because of its desire to expand its territory. In short, we can say that one event either directly or indirectly led to the other. The combination of these events are what made what was known as early republic of America. Reference: Meinig D. W. The shaping of America. Yale University Press. Volume 2. 1993; 68-82.

Lush Company Structure

Lush Company Structure As an entrepreneurial venture, Lush company is acknowledged as the successful cosmetic retailer which is created by Mark and Mo Constantine in Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom under the name of Cosmetic House Limited in 1994 (Wikipedia, 2012). It was in 1995 that they adopted Lush as companys name due to the competition ran in the fledgling companys first handmade newsletter and catalogue. Nowadays, Lush company has almost over 820 stores in 50 countries all over the world (Lush Website, 2012). Product and service Lush companys products are: bath products, shower products, hair products, face and beauty products, body lotions and other products, perfume. But the innovation and highlights of the products in Lush company are: differentiation, communication, fresh ingredients, environmentally-friendly packing. Producers use the fresh fruits or vegetables to make different shaped products with different color for looking artisanal, which create the differentiation on the market. Besides, each producers name will be located on the products label for connecting the customer on the personal level and promoting the brand. Lush company also encourages the ethical value such as packing with the recycled materials (Marketline, 2008). According to the different types of innovation by Schumpeter (See Appendix1), Lush company belongs to type1 the introduction of a new or improved good or service (Paul Burns,2011). Service: Lush company not only provides the considerate service in the store but also providing the remade order for customer through the website. Consumers can also communicate with Lush through the publication of Lush Times (Lush Website, 2012). Business Model Stewart and Zhao (2000) define the model as a statement of how a firm will make money and sustain its profit stream over time. Therefore, the business model represents how the firm will be running. As Gary Hamel (2001) believes that there are four components of a business model, namely, core strategy (competition strategy), strategic resources( how a firm acquires and uses its internal and external resources), partnership network( suppliers, partners, other relationships), customer interface(how to interact with customers). For Lush Company, I the form below can illustrate its business model. Core strategy Business mission -We Believe (See appendix 2) Product Scope personal care products Basis for differentiation Use fresh ingredients and products are handmade Strategic resources Core competenciesunique style of retail, retain its original focus, we believeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Strategic assets- corporation culture, brand reputation, ethical beliefs Partnership network A private owned company with subsidiaries in global Customer interface Target customer- young adult women ages12-30, diverse customer due to divers products Fulfillment and support-natural ingredients and anti-animal testing trade Pricing structure- lower than the luxury brand like The Body Shop, higher than the products in the supermarkets. Target market A firms target market is the small number of group of individuals or business that it pursues or tries to appeal to in a certain time (Bruce R. and R. Duane Ireland, 2012).The primary target market of Lush focuses on the young adult women who ages 18-45, the urban adult women in highly populated cite, and the diverse market due to the diverse products. The second target market is the acquaintances of the primary target market (Kwilkison, 2012). Pricing strategy Price is the only component in the marketing mix that generates revenue, all other elements stand for costs( Kotler and Armstrong,2001). The most used methods to set the price of products for the entrepreneur are cost-based pricing and value-based pricing(Bruce R. and R. Duane Ireland, 2012). As Lush company uses the natural ingredients for handmade products, therefore, they price their products based on the costs rather than on what the market thinks it should receive. Compared with the local competitors and supermarkets, Lush products price a litter higher but less than the famous cosmetic company like Body Shop(Lush marketing project, 2012). Lush offers customers good value, most of their products varies from designing style and weight, which is also the value of products, therefore, Lush prices different item based on the ingredients and weight with high quality. Brand Management Branding contributes to the development of a company, a strong brand could become the powerful assets of a firm. As Bruce R. and R. Duane Ireland (2012) pointed that One of the keys to effective branding is to create a strong personality for a firm, designed to appeal to the chosen target market. Lush standardize its brand and stick to its value when globalize its market. Partners must use brand name Lush rather than translated local language like Chinese in Twian, Japanese in Japan((Schmitt, Pan and Tavassoli 1994; Tavassoli1999; Zhang and Schmitt, 2001). Concentrating on promoting brand value and emphasizing the beliefs of Lush, against animal testing, using fresh ingredients, making handmade products, protecting the planet, supporting communities and promoting happy people making happy soap (Marketline, 2008). Localization of subsidiaries on website, all the subsidiaries of Lush should share the common value with Lush but they can promote products with different methods for adapting to the local market(Ping-Kuan Lin, 2012). Route to market insource vs outsource Insource The insource of Lush can be understood as the internal competencies, mainly, the differentiation of products, the unique retail style. As those competencies could solidify the firms role in the external source and it lies at the heart of the business model (Applegate, 2001; Viscio and Pasternack, 1996). Minimum packagingusing recyclable and reusable materials as packaging, naked packing campaign(See appendix 3). Customizationinteracting with the customers through the publication of Lush Times. Ethical campaign replaces the advertising In August 21, 2008,Lush and Sea Shepherd launched Partnership Campaign to Protect Sharks(Wendy Evans,2009). Advertising by the smell and experience in store. Outsource Lush company encourages partners to invest in its firm and gives them exclusive rights to develop their brand, besides, they also embarked on single store franchising in some countries like France, Italy, Spain(Lush Website, 2012). E-strategy E-strategy is mainly shown form the firms website, the business models on the web that Lush used is the manufacturing model which uses the web to reach buyers directly and compressing the distribution channel. There are mainly three key parts on their web, purchasing part, customer-focus part, company propaganda part. Buyers purchase products through the categories on the web(See appendix4) Customer can reserve the limited products through section of Retro and find news of Lush on Lush Times(See appendix 5) Company information presented on the web intends to attract partners and connect the subsidiaries(See appendix 6) Funding As the firm grows, it requires a large amount of money to operate as the basis of serving the customers. In the beginning, Lush is private owned by Mark and Mo Constantine but with a small number of shares, with the expanding of the firm, Lush gradually relied on the funds of partners in the team, Andrew Gerrie one of the Lush partners said that Lush is funded by a team who started the business together with funds from a wealthy investor (Startups, 2002). Innovation of Lush It is important for the entrepreneur to have a good venture idea for running a business. Therefore innovation penetrates the whole process in the venture. Trott (2008) believes that innovation= theoretical conception + technical (or process) invention + commercial exploitation. For lush company, their business idea comes from the interests of Mark Constantine and Elizabeth Wire in beauty therapy, then they developed many recipes and sold them to other companies until 1976, they contracted with The Body Shop as one of their suppliers (Wikipedia,2012). For an entrepreneur, the innovation is not always a continuous process which will be influenced by the dramatic changes in the market, social, technology as well as the regulatory environments (Paul Burns, 2011). In order to keep innovative, in 2003, Lush company launched a new beauty brand and retail concept, B Never Too Busy To Be Beautiful, there are only four shops of this brand located in UK, (Journal of MarketWatch, 2003). By keepi ng the small numbers of stores with a unique location, Lush could increase the desirability of products to customers and encourage the existing-consumers loyalty (Marketline, 2008). It is believed that in the future, Lush would emerge much more creative brand to satisfy the customers. Stick to the original focus In the intensive competition of the market, entrepreneurial ventures would come across the risk of takeover by the leader of the industrial, some of the firms will agree on takeover in order to make profits, for instance, Bees by Clorox, and The Body Shop by LOreal (Marketline, 2008). But, Lush still insist its independence and avoids any demands for takeover. Whats surprised me is that, as the best suppliers for The Body Shop, Mark and Mo Constantine didnt give into the compromise of Anita Roddick, founder of The Body Shop. If you were going to sell the leading ethical company in the world, there couldnt be a much worse choice than LOreal, (Mark Constantine quoted in Financial Times,2007). This comments showed that in order to retain their original focus, they will never accept takeover, and only the independent operation can facilitate the advancement of their brand. Recognizing and coping with risks It is believed that entrepreneurs are more intended to make decisions through the different using of information or employing heuristics and rules, depending on their instincts and intuition (e.g., Schwenk, 1986; Cooper et al., 1995; Forlani and Mullins, 2000). Therefore, it is important to recognize the risks of starting up the business. For Lush company, the previous years, the manager in the store have to forecasts the products demands for deciding the amounts of products, the lack of accurate predicting generated the risks of lost sales and lower customer services(Prophix, 2012). However, they uses the retro part of website to make sure the producing quantities of products based on the customers reservation, which greatly save the costs of sales to a great extent. Furthermore, since The Body Shop has been taken over, Lush has to consider its risks of being taken over by leader of cosmetic industry, while Mark Constantine considered forming a staff ownership scheme for its company, which can prevent the business takeover Lush to some extent (Marketline, 2008). Although it is agreed to make the staff become the stakeholders in the company, Mark Constantine does not approve to turn Lush into a public company due to his untrusting of shareholders decision-making capability. If a business goes public it has to consider its shareholders above all else. I realize the people you can trust most are your own staff, (The Guardian, 2007). It is a controversial issue that the staff may lack the ability to make a good business decisions. Learn from Mark Constantine- the successful entrepreneur As an entrepreneur, the personality plays an important role in growing the business, the second resource indicates five personality factors of an entrepreneur, namely extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness and emotional stability (Barrick etal., 1991). Constantine shows those traits through his success of Lush. Hiring strategy employ those who are passionate, enthusiastic, ethical. Never being frightened Mark Constantine once stated that I went through a period when I was a bit frightened of the business. People who have very corporate businesses are rather frightened of them. If youre frightened youre constantly putting in layers and fiddling about because you dont know what youre doing, (Kate Walters, 2010). Creativity Lush holds 38 patents and Mark is proud of his focus, the continual supervising of products makes the company less vulnerable to innovative competitors (Kate Walters, 2010). Specific makes the entrepreneurial venture success Sheth et al (2000)state: The fundamental precepts of marketing remain unchanged, but more attention must be given to specific areas, such as customization and one-to-one approaches, which indicates the entrepreneur should follow the structure of the business and concentrate on the specific issues. Indeed, Lushs intense focus on customization, innovation of products and dynamic methods of promoting bring benefits of growing its business and facilitate the victory of the market.

Dinoflagellates And Bioluminescence Emission

Dinoflagellates And Bioluminescence Emission Bioluminescence is the emission of light from living organisms, without giving out appreciable or no heat. It is basically a 100% efficient system. Virtually all of the energy generated is converted into light with almost none lost in heat or sound production. It is literally a cold fire. The light results from a chemical reaction mediated by enzymes and involving specialized molecules in the organisms. Bioluminescence occurs in species too numerous to list but the most recognizable ones include dinoflagellates, some jellyfish and fireflies. Dinoflagellates and fireflies are by far the most common sources of bioluminescence in the ocean and on land respectively. Some deep sea fish are equipped with organs that produce luminescence to which prey is attracted. The flashes emitted by male and female fireflies are used as species specific signals for mating. The use of bioluminescence in an organism can be to evade predators, attacking its enemies, camouflage, food, attracting their mate s or sometimes due to organisms inside an organism. Dinoflagellates are unicellular aquatic organisms which come under the order Dinoflagellida and the class Phytomastigophorea with two uneven flagella for locomotion. Several thousand species of dinoflagellates are known to mankind. Most contain chlorophyll and are photosynthetic. Among these there are the diatoms, which are the primary producers of energy in the ocean food chain. Like many complex one celled organisms, dinoflagellates show traits of both animals and plants and are claimed by zoologists as protozoans and by botanists as algae. They are mostly marine creatures and in warm shallow waters they sometimes reproduce in enormous numbers resulting in a bloom. Many species of dinoflagellates are bioluminescent. Both heterotrophic and autotrophic dinoflagellates are known. Some can be both. They form a significant part of primary planktonic production in both oceans and lakes. Most dinoflagellates go through moderately complex life cycles involving several steps, sexual and ase xual, motile and non-motile. Some species form cysts composed of sporopollenin, and preserve as fossils. Dinoflagellates display considerable morphological variations and many share a common anatomical pattern during at least one stage of their life cycle. Most of them have two flagella inserted into their cell wall via the flagellar pores at approximately the same location. In many one of the flagella wraps around the cell and is known as the transverse flagellum, while the other longitudinal flagellum extends tangentially to the cell, perpendicular to the plane of the transverse flagellum. The beating of the longitudinal flagellum and the transverse flagellum imparts a forward and spiraling swimming motion, and defines the anterior and the posterior. The flagellar pore and point of flagellar insertion defines the ventral with the opposite side dorsal. Left and right sides of the cell are then defined as in most organisms. Basic anatomy of a thecate, dinokont dinoflagellate A depression occurs on the ventral surface at the point of flagellar insertion, and is known as the sulcus. The transverse flagellum occurs in a furrow known as the cingulum which encircles the cell except where it is interrupted by the sulcus on the ventral surface. The cell wall of dinoflagellates is subdivided into multiple polygonal amphiesmal vesicles of varying numbers from half a dozen to hundreds. In some dinoflagellates, these vesicles are filled with relatively thick cellulose plates with bounding sutures. When this occurs, the cell wall is referred to as a theca. Dinoflagellates possessing a theca are often referred to as armored dinoflagellates, while the ones which lack are referred to as naked dinoflagellates. Redrawn from Fensome et al. 1996 Schematic life cycle history of dinoflagellates Coming to the life cycle of dinoflagellates which is multi-staged and about 6 stages can be clearly identified in peridiniales dinoflagellates. The six stages are: When rapid growth and a population expansion is observed vegetative propagation dominates and takes over. Now the schizonts act as gametes and pair up to form zygotes. Due to this process one or more theca may be lost. A new theca is formed from the new diploid zygote. The activity level of the cell decreases, and with time the flagella is lost. This zygote is termed as a hypnozygote. When the theca is separated and broken and decayed the cyst is formed and completed. The cyst now settles down in the bottom on the sea. After the period of dormancy the theca is grown again and it becomes motile. For an organism to give off light, at least two chemicals are required in the presence of oxygen and the energy molecule ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate). The one which produces the light is generically called a luciferin and the one that drives or catalyzes the reaction is called a luciferase. Luciferase is the enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of luciferin which is the basic substrate in bioluminescent reactions. The basic reaction follows the sequence illustrated above: The luciferase catalyzes the oxidation of luciferin. Resulting in light and an inactive oxyluciferin. In most cases, fresh luciferin must be brought into the system, either through the diet or by internal synthesis. Sometimes the luciferin and luciferase are bound together in a single unit called a photo protein. This molecule can be triggered to produce light when a particular type of ion is added to the system (say calcium as it happens in the jellyfish, Aequorea victoria). Dinoflagellate luciferin is thought to be derived from chlorophyll, and has a very similar structure. In the genus Gonyaulax, at pH 8 the molecule is protected from the luciferase by a luciferin-binding protein, but when the pH lowers to around 6, the free luciferin reacts and light is produced. The structure of the luciferin in a dinoflagellate The ability to produce luminescence is strictly dependent upon the day or night cycle. In a twelve hour light or twelve hour dark cycle, dinoflagellates will only flash brightly during the dark phase. Light emitted is brightest after several hours of darkness. Early in the morning, glowing activity is reduced and they no longer give off light upon shaking or disturbing them. During the day, the dinoflagellates appear as ellipse shaped cells, pigmented red, indicating the presence of chlorophyll which enables photosynthesis to occur so they may harvest light from the sun. The luminescence is transient and the cells soon return to their resting state. Most cells flash for less than a second, however others appear toglow for 1-6 seconds. Upon repeated stimulation, light emission is much reduced. Within about half an hour of rest, the luminescence becomes brighter again. 12 hour light cycle Bioluminescence is used to evade predators which act as a type of burglar alarm for defense mechanism in dinoflagellates. They produce light when the deformation of the cell by minute forces triggers its luminescence. When the cell is disturbed by a predator, it will give a light flash lasting 0.1 to 0.5 seconds. The flash is meant to attract a secondary predator that will be more likely to attack the predator that is trying to consume the dinoflagellate. The light flash also makes the predator jump and worry about other predators attacking it, making the predator less likely to prey on the dinoflagellate.2 In most dinoflagellates, bioluminescence is controlled by an internal biological rhythm. They are on a circadian rhythm. Towards the end of daylight, luminous chemicals are packaged in vesicles called scintillons. The scintillons then migrate to the cytoplasm from the area around the nucleus. It is not currently known how the scintillons are moved to the cytoplasm. During the night light is triggered by mechanical stimulation. When action potential generates in the vacuole, the action potential propagates throughout the rest of the cell. This allows protons to pass from the vacuole to the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm becomes acidified, normally by hydrogen ions and the process is activated in the scintillons. Dinoflagellates have distinct chromosomes through the whole cell cycle although their condensation patterns vary during interphase, with a maximum unwinding corresponding with the peak of replication in S phase. They are attached to the nuclear envelope and have a unique organization. Free-living dinoflagellates have high chromosome numbers per haploid genome while parasitic dinoflagellates have only a few chromosomes. Chromosomal ultra structure varies during interphase, and lacks the typical banding pattern of mitotic eukaryotic chromosomes, reflecting the genome compartmentalization. Dinochromosomes show a banded and arched organization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and freeze-etching that corresponds to a cholesteric organization of their DNA with a constant left-handed twist. Whole-mount chromosomes have a left-handed screw-like configuration with differentiated roughly spherical ends. Dinomitosis occurs without nuclear envelope breakdown and nucleolar disassembly an d with an extra nuclear mitotic spindle without direct contact with the chromosomes. Dinoflagellates are true eukaryotes that experienced a secondary loss of histones during evolution, constituting the only living eukaryotic knockouts of histones. The ancestral group of the alveolates, that includes the dinoflagellates, had eukaryotic histones as observed in ciliates and apicomplexans suggesting that dinoflagellates may have experienced a secondary loss of histones, and a set of primitive bacterial HLP may have been reintroduced from a prokaryotic source by gene transfer. Dinoflagellates have significant genomic differences compared with higher eukaryotes at all levels, from base composition and methylation, to the structural organization of their DNA and chromosomal domains, that nevertheless led to a similar organization and functioning of nuclear domains. The exact way they use to regulate gene silencing and activation without histones is still unknown, although the high proportion of base methylation could be involved. The very mention of red tides brings to mind the fear of dead fish and toxic seafood. Red tide is a naturally occurring, higher than normal concentration of the microscopic algae. The massive multiplication of these tiny, single-celled algae is usually found in warm saltwater and is commonly referred to as a bloom. Even though they are important producers and a key component to the food chain, dinoflagellates are also known for producing deadly toxins, especially when they are present in large numbers. They can not only kill a large range of marine species, but can also impart fatal toxins into several species, especially shellfish. Usually deadly to finfish, shellfish are relatively unaffected. These shellfish may then be eaten by humans, who are then affected by the stored toxins.

Supply Chain Management Essay -- business processes, SCOR model

Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the integration of information, technologies and management of key business functions which is linked directly or indirectly and provides services to the same customer. It promotes the flow of products downstream from raw materials to the end consumer and the flow of information upstream from consumer to supplier [1]. In above figure it explains that raw materials is procured and then it goes to the supplier for processing of raw material, suppliers supplies the processed raw materials to the manufactures, producers transform these raw material into finished goods, distributors delivers finished goods, packed materials to customers or retailers and retailers sell that product to consumers. Supply chain management was introduced due to inability of the organizations to understand the entire string of activities that governed the delivery of the product to the final customer. Previously companies were too restricted in their outlook and were concerned only with activities within their own boundaries. In essence, supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. SCM ensures higher efficiency of modern businesses, by coordinating and synchronizing various organizations in the supply chain [2]. There are a variety of supply chain models, which address both the upstream and downstream sides. The SCOR (Supply-Chain Operations Reference) model. This literature review gives a brief description of the SCOR model. 2. BACKGROUND 2.1. THE SUPPLY CHAIN COUNCIL Supply Chain Council (SCC) is a global nonprofit organization (NGO) whose framework, improvement methodology, training, certification and benchmarking tools help member organizations make dramatic,... ...espread use of SCOR model. 10. REFERENCES [1] SASCM Student association of supply chain management, Weber State University. [2] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain [3] Supply Chain Council (2010), Supply-Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, Version 10, Supply-Chain Council, Inc, 2010 [4] Supply Chain Council (2008), Supply-Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, Version 9 Overview, Supply-Chain Council, Inc, 2008. [5] Peter Bolstorff and Robert Rosenbaum. Supply Chain Excellence: A Handbook for Dramatic Improvement Using the SCOR Model. Broadway, NY: American Management Association, 2003. [6] https://supply-chain.org/f/SCOR-Overview-Web.pdf [7] Samuel H. Huan, Sunil K. Sheoran, Ge Wang, (2004) "A review and analysis of supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model", Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 9 Iss: 1, pp.23 - 29

Fortunato is Fortunes Fool in The Cask of Amontillado Essay -- Edgar

Fortunato, Fortune's Fool Who was Fortune's Fool? The answer to that question would be Fortunato. Fortunato is a character in Edgar Allan Poe's short story, "The Cask of Amontillado." Fortunato has wronged Montresor, the narrator of "Cask." The reader can't trust Montresor because he is an unreliable narrator, so the reader can't say for a fact that Fortunato had wronged Montresor. Montresor then seeks revenge on Fortunato. During carnivale season, Fortunato is drinking all types of wine. Montresor knows Fortunato is drunk so he goes to Fortunato and tells him he has Amontillado. Fortunato wants the Amontillado so much, that he is willing to do anything for it, that leads him to his death. Montresor brought Fortunato into the catacombs, chained Fortunato to the wall, walled Fortunato up, and Fortunato was dead. Actually he wasn't dead right then and there. Montresor walled Fortunato up alive, so Fortunato can suffer much pain, then die, die a helpless man. Fortunato was a fun loving/outgoing, alcoholic, boastful/prideful man. Dressed as a jester at the carnivale, Fortunato was getting drunk. He drank and chatted with many people. Fortunato was a very fun-loving and outgoing man, ?He had a weak point- this Fortunato- although in other regards he was a man to be respected and even feared.? Montresor calls him respected, this shows that Fortunato was a man who many liked, making them respect him. The fear, as the reader might suspect, is that he prides himself too much in his knowledge of wine. Another fear, as the reader can assume, may be that he can get too outgoing. His drinking problems probably make him very distraught and obnoxious. Montresor knows that Fortunato is very outgoing, and that he aims and shoots fo... ...haracteristics bring about Fortunato?s fortune. He was fortune?s fool. His fortunes catch up with him and lead to a bad consequence, Fortunato?s death. If Fortunato wasn?t so enthusiastic when it came to wines, he may have realized Montresor was going to do something bad. If Fortunato wasn?t an alcoholic, he wouldn?t have been drunk. If he wasn?t drunk, he may have known that Montresor was going to hurt him. Finally, if Fortunato wasn?t boastful and prideful, he wouldn?t have wronged Montresor at all. And if he never had done some sort of wrong to Montresor, he wouldn?t be dead. In summary, if Fortunato didn?t have those 3 characteristics, he wouldn?t be dead, and Montresor would have never said he had been ?wronged.? Unfortunately Fortunato was Fortune?s Fool. For his fortune favored him. Fortune was God?s gift to the fools, which is why fortune favors the fools.

Ermo Essay

Ermo, directed by Zhou Xiaowen in 1994, takes place in the 1980’s when China first began to actively accept the concept of globalization. â€Å"Ermo, where the title character as the strong-willed wife of an emasculated husband† (Tang 654), explores the issues of being a matriarch as well as an individual with her own interests and desires. Compared with traditional Chinese women who were relegated to taking care of the household, Ermo is drastically different because she is the one who attends to the financial needs of her family by selling twisty noodles. Although she is a poor, peasant woman whose life revolves around the responsibilities of taking care of of her family, Ermo harbors secret ambitions which she longs to someday achieve. Fueled by her ambitions, Ermo works day and night to fulfill her aims even as she attends to her loved one’s needs. Her characteristic as responsible matriarch can also be seen when she risks her health by selling large quantities of her blood in order to earn quick money. In the film, every action that Ermo takes is a result of her free will; she is not forced or coerced to do so. Everything that she does, she does for the love of her family. The female lead in the movie is willing to do anything to support her family, which is a marked characteristic of contemporary Chinese films. The role of Ermo is a strong departure from the traditional roles of women in Chinese society. Ermo’s profession is examined in two ways: Noodle seller during the day and noodle maker during the night. In the very beginning of the film, the shot shows her as a noodle-seller on the street, peddling bunches of twisty noodles that she herself made. She yells â€Å"mai mahua mian lou† (twisty noodle for sale) (Ciecko 2) constantly. This scene particularly emphasizes her profession and skills for selling twisty noodles. There are also several close-up shots of her foot while she is making noodle dough. Ermo kneads flour with her feet, and she does it expertly, never dropping any of flour. This shot makes a statement as to the technical skills her work requires and the passion and dedication with which Ermo does her job. While generally regarded as a lowly job, it is actually a very demanding job requiring sophisticated skills. The opportunity to pursue a rewarding career among Chinese women is a fairly recent development because the women in China never had the opportunity to choose their job. Ermo’s desire can be read in various ways: desire for a better life, desire for a fulfilling sexual relationship, and desire for self-determination. Ermo’s â€Å"wish for a new life with a [Blindman, the richest guy in the town] after an amorous night halfway between town and village, expresses her desire to desire and constitutes an inspired revision of reality† (Tang, 668). This satisfies both her sexual desire and desire for better life. She also desires for having the biggest TV in her town, which at first may seem materialistic, but may actually be construed for her need to achieve and be acknowledged for her accomplishments. Although she says that she needs to buy the TV for her son so that he does not have to go to their neighbor’s house to watch, it is really her own aspiration to show people who she really is. Based on strong Confucian society, Chinese women have been traditionally relegated to the sidelines, but as China begins to open itself to changes, so do Chinese women begin to evolve and come out into their own. As examined above, â€Å"the central events in Ermo reflect a new stage in the development of contemporary Chinese society† (Tang, 663). As portrayed in this modern Chinese film, women are able to attend to their family without necessarily having to sacrifice their own dreams and ambitions in the process.

An Indian’s View of Indian Affairs: A Speech by Chief Joseph

Sunju Han History 152 account Analysis During the late nineteenth century, legion(predicate) changes have occurred during the Industrial Revolution. The living conditions in America were deteriorating for every last(predicate)one who wasnt in the hurrying social economic classes. galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) complaints were arising from the multitude. Of the population, devil primary memorandums have been observed to stockpile the point of views of particular groups they represent. one of these documents was from gaffer Joseph of the Nez Perce Indians, from the Indian point of view. The separate document was from the populists Party, largely representing the farmers and working classes of the 1890s.The time percentage point of both documents roughly range from the 1870s through with(predicate) the 1890s. Chief Josephs speech was c wholeed An Indians View of Indian personal business. In his speech, he speaks from the Indians perspective of how they argon treated and handled. One of the many issues he brings up is more(prenominal) or less the treatment of his plurality. He felt that his mint are treated resembling animals and outlaws, be shot down or operate from dry land to country. The vacuouss who have encroached on their get to have driven disregardcelled their cows and horses. They overly stole from the Indians. For example, whites would brand the Indians young cattle so that they can claim it as their own.Chief Joseph in addition felt the whites were make problems on answer in found to start a war between the whites and Indians. He pleads his slip of paper by stating how the Indians didnt kill off the foremost white inuredtlers that were having trouble surviving. at once they repay their thanks by causing trouble because they have the power to bastinado the Indians. In the beginning, the Indians gave up some of their play foolishly view they would be left-hand(a) alone but the more they gave, the more that was taken from them. He complains that his battalion arent getting treated like humans. Many whites saw them as savages that dont know any differentwise port than violence.In his speech he is taking an randy approach in order to shape up the sympathy of law enforcers, Congress or the President, or from the population. As Chief Joseph was stating how his people were treated, he also stated a world(a) outline of the future he figure for his people. The future he envisioned consisted mainly of matchity. He dreams of his people be treated like in all the other men from the states. He pleads that ein truthbody follows the kindred dance band of legislation in the land that they all share. He believes that anyone born(p) of the earth was born a free man and should be given liberty.He wants his men to have an equal chance at life in habitual. The simple liberties like freedom to travel, work, handicraft where ever they choose, choice of teacher, or point following the religion of their fore fathers. The staple liberties stated in the very nucleotide of our country are what Chief Joseph is advocating for his people. He states that they will follow whatever laws set before them if they can get a chance of being treated like a real man in this country. Joseph did indeed believe that Native Americans and whites could coexist in the linked States.When the rootage white settlers appeared, he believed that they would all have the same set of morals and values. This was the basis of his principle in the coexistence of Indians and whites. His speech also depicts the very possibility of coexistence in exchange for equality. He believes that the Indians would have no problem or reason to cause conflict or trouble if these basic requests were met. He also believes that any man born in the same earth are all granted equal ripes from the moment they were born. He states that he is simply reclaiming those rights in order to help bump the living conditions his peo ple are living in.He also believes that some(prenominal) of the bloodshed and war can be avoided if each company can be more honest with each other and compromise. The Populists were the first policy-making insurgency, meaning that they were the first to radically go against the ideas of our nations political policies. They were the first political party that appealed to the farmers and the producing class, which included the industrial workers to the miners. They were the first party to bring up any political platform on issues that were for the general working class. Many of the other political parties would try to scotch up the many problems present in our economy.They were the radicals that went against all the other political platforms, bring up issues that the unsound companies and industries try to overlook or cover up. The Populists believed that he nation found itself on the brink of moral, political, and material slander. During those generation corruption, bribery, and despotism was uncontrolled everywhere near the whole world, not just the United States. The newspapers were bribed to be silenced, the public opinion didnt matter anymore, and there was corruption in the ballot boxes. The proletariaters were denied the freedom to form unions anymore. The cash flow was restricted by the mega-millionaires.There was no way of controlling the huge businesses to better the lives of the working class. These were some of the main issues that caused the Populists to believe that we were on the brink of moral, political, and material ruin. The two proposals put forth by the Populist Party that were significant were the right to form labor unions and the ownership of all transportation to the government. The right to form labor unions would become a sort of balancing process for the big companies. It would restrain the rampant companies from making their workers suffer from unfair and unsporting working conditions.It would also provide a system of c ontrol that the large industries didnt have before. The ownership of the railroads, telegraph, telephone, and post- office systems would establish a universal fairness for the masses. Since it is a crucial public necessity, a monopoly on any of these items could impact the whole country greatly. The government ownership of these systems would be for the general welfare of the people and create fees that can be affordable to the general masses and population throughout the United States. These are some of the issues and solutions stated in both Chief Josephs speech and the Populist platform.

Memo letter. Arbitration advocacy Essay

MemoIntroduction making love All, it is with great pleasure that I would corresponding to bring to your attention that the company has reached a ending on implementing a needed ARBITRATION AGREEMENT, which is to take effect as from the start of next month of November 2014. The decision was reached after lengthy discussions and consultations with major stakeholders at bottom and give awayside the company, as well as your labour union representatives. There be various benefits or advantages of arbitration which leave behind arise when it comes into effects. These advantages will include better relationships and harmony among employees. Arbitration will armed service reduce animosity and grudges since it will let a chance for parties involved in a dispute to work out their differences, hence create an environment that supports differences(Cooley, & Lubet, 2003). The another(prenominal) advantage of arbitration is that it will divine service reduce the expenses that you incur when you take the disputes to motor inn or take other measures which shoot use of resources (Cooley, & Lubet, 2003). The amount of time that is demand to resolve the disputes will be less(prenominal) hence leaving you with a diffuse of time to concentrate on your duties and gain your productivity (Cooley, & Lubet, 2003). Therefore, based on the in a higher place advantages and many more which you will realize, it is wise that all should embrace this new regularity of settling disputes for the progress of the company as well as for your personal benefits and development.Regards,HR ManagerReferenceCooley, J. W., & Lubet, S. (2003). Arbitration advocacy. Notre Dame, IN National Institute for Trial Advocacy. ancestry document

Intertextual Relationship Between Renoir’s Parte de Campagne Essay

France can be credited as the home to the film industry. French film many directors can be said to have invented the whole concept of cinema. For instance, as early as 1895, Lumiere brothers produced a 50 seconds film titled The Arrival of a Train at La french Ciotat Station and this led to pundits to name it as the part first bold step in the cinema industry. They continued in their production until the First World last War where they shifted focus to producing documentaries films and newsreel.A few of those essays will have an specific main notion, while some are .166). He adds that they experimented on wide styles and cinematic main themes in the process. However, France was plunged into the Second World War in 1939 which consequently led to slow down the evolution of the cinema industry.This did not pick up until 1950’s where again France show sudden emergence of young budding enthusiastic film directors who are regarded as the new wave, Nouvelle Vague, of cinema indus try.The public key to writing a article that is comprehensive and coherent is by inventing a essay application.

Renoir’s Partie de Campagne is a forty-minute film produced in 1936. It is regarded as the greatest unfinished film ever made. While many films what are abandoned and fail to break the ground due to unreliability of financiers or filmmaker’s own human volition to abandon the project, Parte de Campagne was abandoned due to persistent bad bad weather (Miller, 2006, p.3).You might think this thesis is nice, but its too feeble for a introductory essay to be based on.While in the village and as the men family members proceed to fishing, the mother, Juliette (Jeanne Marken), is involved in a flirtation with another man from the village while her daughter, Herinette (Sylvia Bataille), also gets into intimacy with a babbling young man, Henri, identified as George Saint-Saens.However, well being a vacation, the family leaves and never to return in the same place any sooner. When they did eight fourteen years later, so much had changed. We learn their love was unfortunately hampered by Anatole (Paul Temps), a partner of Monsieur Dufour that Henriette was forced to marry.Renoir came from a royal family that was bad.

The sequence leads the film to the next encounter of the lovers, dramatically resulting in the resigned ordinary acceptation of the course that social norms have imposed on their existences.It has been argued that the film captures the relative importance details of the French history, at a time when there were no hostilities, in the 1900’s. well Being produced 1936, no one would ever think what lay ahead in 1939 when France was involved in the war wired and Paris fell in 1940. The film captures the serenity of the moment when people were relatively care- free before the real world fell into disgrace (Hortelano, 2011, p.Renoirs work did women and shock men at the start.However, the two seem to first put emphasis on the theme of love. The subject, as will occur for most of Truffaut’s films is the result of a literary adaptation: a short story by Maurice Pons, contained in Les Virginales. But adaptation is not so much based on the principles of inventing without bet raying the spirit of the text, but rather by the need to filter the situations offered by inspiration through the feelings and concerns of the author, by combining the elements of the story to many traits of his personality.Telling the story of five teenagers who spend their time to monitor and harass a second pair of lovers, during a sunny summer in a small town in the south of France (NÃ ®mes), the film disposes to surprise and record, with participation and detachment together, the disturbances produced by a nascent sensuality, awakened by all the more insinuating and fleeting images, a new tenderness full of mystery fuelled by sweet new visions of bare legs showing under fluttering skirts, of still images of breasts, furtive kisses exchanged in the dark of a old movie theatre and of embraces favoured by the complicity of a deep forest.Intertextuality is the consequence of the choice of an author.

Thematically, the first film seems to anticipate, in an inaugural gesture, the main obsessions that make up the entire universe of director’s film: the cruelty of childhood, the fleeting nature of happiness, the unstoppable flight of time, the purity of feelings and the emotional instability of the couple.Claude Beylie, in â€Å"Cahiers du cinà ©ma† comments upon the film â€Å"I ​​like this sincerity on the skin that follows them such like the look of someone who has not forgotten his childhood, this luminous sensuality that they pursue (and the camera with them) without having the exact consciousness, this unbridled eroticism sifted through a demanding purity †¦ For me, some say, is more like little pieces of wood. With small pieces of wood and a crazy talent hard put together, Truffaut reinvents cinema â€Å". (Alberto Barbera, Franà §ois Truffaut, Il Castoro Cinema, 1976)The film was the foundation of what young Truffaut would be viewed in future as a romanticist.Let us discuss ways to make your whole subject for an essay.It being shot in black and white does not diminish based its feel. It adequately captures the serenity of the summer time and the bouncy energy of the youthful age (Hortelano, 2011, p.258).Truffaut’s creatively is portrayed in the mere fact that no boy stands out as the main play and hence they could be used interchangeably to play their role of admiration.Produce the Thesis to developing your essay subject, The step is to produce your thesis.

5).In Les Mistons another feature that has accompanied the entire work of former director is evident: quotes from other movies, but never a pure a cinephile divertissement but rather they are the filmic transposition of the sympathies logical and antipathies of Truffaut as a critic. You could almost say that the French director never fails to be a film critic and does so on newsprint, continuing to write about cinema, and in film, when substituting the typewriter with the camera.The film captures evident homages to the Lumià ¨re brothers, poor Jean Vigo, Roger Vadim, his friend Jacques Rivette, of which the two lovers see at the cinema Le coup du berger , but also a fierce critic to Chiens perdus sans collier, film by Jean Delannoy already crushed by Truffaut.It is thought to be the very best film ever made.ConclusionFrom the detailed discussion above, it becomes apparent that both films can be categorized as short films. Yet they captured click all the essence of a full blown film. Though both the films are short, the writers have been able to capture the theme ad impression intended. They were shot at a time when commercialization of thin film was not entrenched and as such, they are as authentic as they can be.Fan fiction is a great single instance of willful intertextuality.

com/2006/cteq/mistons/Hortelano, TJ 2011, Directory of World Cinema: Spain, Intellect, BristolMiller, K 2006, Parte de Campagne. [Online]. Available at: http://www.imdb.The Interpersonal Relationship means a connection between two person in one objective.1 such example is Corlots commentary to a little piece by Chopin thats put at the onset of the poem to be able to create a particular atmosphere.Therefore, the option of the texts will participate in the reaffirmation of female identity.