End of Life Essay

As indicated by IOM (2008), the up and coming age of more established grown-ups will resemble no other before it. It will be the most taught and different gathering of more established grown-ups in the nation’s history. They will separate themselves from their ancestors by having less youngsters, higher separation rates, and a lower probability of living in destitution. Be that as it may, the key distinctive element of the up and coming age of more seasoned Americans will be their immense numbers. As indicated by the latest evaluation numbers, there are presently 78 million Americans who were conceived somewhere in the range of 1946 and 1964. By 2030 the most youthful individuals from the time of increased birth rates age will be at any rate 65, and the quantity of more established grown-ups 65 years and more established in the United States is relied upon to be in excess of 70 million, or practically twofold the about 37 million more seasoned grown-ups alive in 2005. The quantity of the â€Å"oldest old,† the individuals who are 80 and over, is likewise expected to almost twofold, from 11 million to 20 million (Institute of Medicine of the National Academies [IOM], 2008, p. 29). The United States human services framework faces tremendous difficulties as the child of post war America age approaches retirement age. Current repayment arrangements, workforce practices, and asset assignments all should be reexamined, and overhauled so as to set up the medicinal services framework for addressing the requirements of the definitely developing populace of more established grown-ups. Territories, for example, instruction, preparing, enrollment, and maintenance of the social insurance workforce serving more established grown-ups will require renovating. To achieve this will require the devotion and designation of more noteworthy monetary assets, even when spending plans are be seriously extended. â€Å"The country is liable for guaranteeing that more seasoned grown-ups will be thought about by a medicinal services workforce arranged to give excellent consideration. In the event that current Medicare and Medicaid strategies and workforce patterns proceed, the country will neglect to meet this duty. Tossing more cash into a framework that isn't intended to convey top notch, practical consideration or to encourage the improvement of a fitting workforce would be a to a great extent squandered effort† (IOM, 2008, p. 1-12). Moral Standards for Resource Allocation Morals have a foremost job in unraveling the perplexing issues encompassing the maturing populace and human services. There are a few moral principles I accept ought to be utilized in deciding asset assignment for the maturing populace and end of life care. However all things considered, most are absurd with the effectively restricted assets accessible for medicinal services. Tragically troublesome choices should be made in the distribution of assets. Three essential moral norms that could reasonably improve medicinal services for the maturing, which I accept ought to decide asset assignments are: 1. Independence: propose that people reserve a privilege to figure out what is in their own wellbeing, however that intrigue might be constrained if practicing that correct limits the privileges of others. 2. Value: implies that clinicians should act totally in light of a legitimate concern for their patients. Empathy; making positive move to help other people; want to do great; center standard of our patient promotion. 3. Equity: suggests decency and that all gatherings have an equivalent right to clinical administrations paying little heed to race, sex, age, pay, or some other trademark (Teutsch and Rechel, 2012, p. 1). It is unavoidable that troublesome choices must be made in regards to how human services assets will be designated for the maturing and kicking the bucket. As I would see it scant medicinal services assets ought to be offered as reasonable as could be expected under the circumstances (equity), to do the most useful for the patient in each circumstance (value), with deference of the individual human option to have control of what befalls their own body (self-governance). Old and end of life patients reserve a privilege to mind that is noble and genuine. The three moral measures noted above ought to be the main thrust behind deciding human services asset allotments, taking into consideration quality consideration conveyance, customized to singular wellbeing needs at any phase of â€Å"aging† through the finish of life, guaranteeing assurance and fulfillment to such a helpless patient populace. As expressed by Maddox (1998), maybe the effect of the variety of issues, issues, and the bunch troublesome choices that policymakers and chiefs make might be relaxed by inventive and judicious methodologies to fund, sort out, and convey social insurance when assets are scant. Choices identified with scant asset allotments must be made in light of the moral standards of self-rule, advantage, and particularly equity. Moral issues identified with scant asset portion are probably going to turn out to be progressively intricate later on. In this manner, it is basic that social insurance pioneers determinedly and morally keep on investigating these issues (Maddox, 1998, p. 41). Some way or another, while utilizing the three gauges noted, we have to change our social insurance framework to profit the maturing and biting the dust, and hold fast to the sets of accepted rules the most ideal route conceivable with the restricted assets accessible. On the off chance that there is a will, there is a way! Moral Challenges The basically testing moral issue of â€Å"aged based medicinal services rationing† is confronted while getting ready for a satisfactory social insurance framework that will meet the consideration needs of the maturing and passing on. As indicated by AAM (1988), the basis for a program of human services apportioning dependent on age lays on the supposition that society ought to designate its assets productively, and that age-based proportioning speaks to the most proficient technique for asset portion. Inside this specific circumstance, it has been contended that since the vast majority of the older are not in the work power they don't legitimately profit society. In spite of the fact that the older, it is contended, ought to be furnished with fundamental necessities and solace, the best segment of human services assets, including costly clinical innovations, are better conveyed on more youthful, increasingly gainful fragments of the populace (American Medical Association [AMA], 1988, p. 1). One apparatus created by financial specialist that has been utilized to quantify estimation of ones life so to talk is known as â€Å"quality balanced life years or QALY†. It is a broadly utilized proportion of wellbeing improvement that is utilized to control medicinal services asset portion choices. The QALY was initially evolved as a proportion of wellbeing viability for cost-adequacy examination, a technique proposed to help leaders accused of allotting scant assets across contending social insurance program (Kovner and Knickman, 2011, p. 258). Another normal term for human services proportioning is known as the â€Å"death board, or Obama Death Council†. This board is an administration office that would conclude who might get human services and who might not get social insurance dependent on some type of standard executed by the legislature. One troublesome moral inquiry presented is, in the event that we do proportion social insurance, who chooses how it is apportioned, when and why? The promoters of apportioning contend that society profits by the expansion in monetary profitability that outcomes when clinical assets are redirected from an older, resigned populace to those more youthful citizenry who are bound to be working. As expressed by Binstock (200), advancing age-based apportioning is hindering to the old since it depreciates the status of more seasoned individuals and takes into account the estimations of a young situated culture, a culture in which negative generalizing dependent on age is common. One potential outcome of denying social insurance to older people is the thing that it may do to the personal satisfaction for us all as we approach the â€Å"too old for wellbeing care† classification. Cultural acknowledgment of the idea that older individuals are shameful of having their lives spared could extraordinarily shape our general viewpoint toward the significance and estimation of our lives in mature age. At any rate it may cause the superfluously miserable possibility that mature age ought to be envisioned and experienced as a phase in which the personal satisfaction is low. The ghost of dismalness and decrease could be unavoidable and over-whelming (Binstock, 2007, p. 8). Other moral provokes identified with the arrangements of maturing based human services are: 1. Absence of training among medicinal services suppliers in meeting the consideration needs of the maturing and biting the dust just as suppliers confronted with morally testing choices particularly toward the finish of life. 2. Absence of assets to help the different and testing wellbeing needs of the maturing, and advancement of solace when kicking the bucket, regardless of whether it be assets for care, office arrangement, or capacity to employ enough staff to me the levels of popularity of an enormous populace, and training. 3. Cost adequacy versus nature of care versus personal satisfaction â€Å"In the end, there is no â€Å"solution† to the issue of maturing, in any event no arrangement that a humanized society would ever endure. Or maybe, our assignment is to do as well as can be expected with the world all things considered, improving what we can yet particularly maintaining a strategic distance from however much as could be expected the best shades of malice and tragedies of living with mature age: to be specific, the allurement of selling out, the hallucination of ceaseless youth, the surrender all expectations regarding feebleness, and the depression of maturing and kicking the bucket alone† (Georgetown University, 2005, para. 62). Somehow it is basic to our maturing society that a medicinal services framework is created under the principals of self-sufficiency, advantage, and equity that won't convey care dependent on proportioning and assurance of ones’ worth, yet dependent on the individual and their wellbeing needs that will encourage ideal maturing and quiet biting the dust. References American Medical Association. (1988). Moral ramifications old enough based proportioning of medicinal services (I-88). Recovered from http://www. ama-assn. organization/assets/doc/morals/ceja_bi88. pdf Binstock, R. H. (2007, August). Our maturing social orders: moral, good, and strategy challenges. Diary of Alzheimer’s Disease, 12, 3-9. Recovered from http://web. eb

Sunset :: essays research papers

Truly, I just saw the nightfall scarcely any occasions during my reality. In spite of the fact that clarification may take a long while, yet permit me. Singapore-a minuscule land parcel lying at the tip of Malay Peninsular. Having a populace of around 3,000,000 ( truly, same as the quantity of dairy animals giving us milk in New Zealand, as underlined in that renowned milk commercial), that leaves us considering over the suffiency of living space for the developing country. Adolf Hitler needed living space for his German mates, with the goal that shrewd being settled that by sending troops to attack his neighboring nations. Presently, how might things resemble if the Singapore Government apply a similar strategy of the extraordinary tyrant in the picking up of land space? Just imaigne our National Service men being requested to walk over to our neighbors, Malaysia n Indonesia, claud in their adorable sketchy green garbs and gripping onto their M16? Attempting to attack them? Considering the reality aht we even have issues buying water from the Malaysians, do excuse me for my absurd considerations. Singapore is administered by a lot of certificate holders - the brainers with a strategic guaranteeing agreeable lives for their kindred residents. Sights of individuals meandering about like lost creatures might be something that leaves an awful impact on those outsiders which the nation's economy relied much upon! Everybody must have a spot to remain at. Indeed, we have terraced, semi-isolates, chateaus, condoniniums accessible here. The brilliant ones concocted the idea of HDB pads. HDB is our dependable Housing Development Board. Much the same as the garments we wear, HDB pads, the skyscraper apratements comes in all hues, shapes, and sizes. Made moderate for the nation's white collar class, you have options for 2-room, 3-room, 4-room, mansionate, official and so on. With the incresase in populace, the need to house more individuals permitted these HDB pads to grow out at each accessible plot of land like wild weeds, similar to it is no one's business. At the point when the level terrains are totally utilized, they take the high grounds. Our towns, for example, Bukit Batok, Bukit Panjang and Bukit Timah (with 'Bukit' which means slope in the malay language), no longer have the personality which represents what they were intended to be. For the savvy alecs had straighten the minuscule slopes to fabricate these HDB pads! I merited a beating for being so self-satisfied. In spite of the fact that I myself would one say one is of the numerous HDB pads tenants, a couple of genuine beliefs doesn't hurt a lot, huh?

File Reading, Part II - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

File Reading, Part II - UGA Undergraduate Admissions File Reading, Part II Here is the second installment of the UGA holistic file reading overview, with a focus on the area of an applicants writing, self-expression and creativity. I know, it is a mouthful, but this is the section where we look at the students overall writing (both the essays and any other written areas on the application), and as well, any other areas where a student displays their creative talents. This would be something along the line of musical expression, theater/drama, etc. In the review of an applicants writing, our focus is more the writers voice, how well they communicate their ideas, and how well they show us their information, and less focus is put on grammar and structure. Yes, we still want a student to write clearly and spell check their work, but that is not the key (and neither are big words or writing about UGA in your essays!). When I talk about a writers voice, and about showing instead of telling, I will direct you to my Suggestions for Writing Admissions Essays, as this tells you more than I could cover in one post. I was reading a students file yesterday that really understood the idea of showing, as her essays made me understand what she was going through in the events mentioned in the essays, and I felt like I could almost see the situations as they occurred. One essay focused on her interaction in a politics class where she was the outsider in her political views, and the challenges she faced from both her teacher and the other students (and how she stood her ground while still being respectful). The other area within this part looks at a students creative side. While we see some of these items within the activities section, we want to see how a student shows their artistic side. We look at their involvement in the dramatic, visual and performing arts, and try to get an understanding of their aesthetic side of life. We will focus more on the writing part during this review, but a students passion for the arts does come into play. That is it for part II, and hopefully these posts will help you understand a little more about the file reading process. Only four more to go!

Childhood Obesity Is Not Only A Problem - 1666 Words

Childhood obesity is not only a problem, it is an epidemic that is occurring in the United States. This problem is often caused by children eating too much and not exercising enough. Childhood obesity became a problem between 1990 ­2000. It started with children s BMI increasing and weight gain. Obesity causes emotional and physical damage to the child. About 78 million adults and 13 million kids in the United States have to deal with the effects of obesity every day, and this number is growing. Childhood obesity is preventable and we as parents need to take a stand. Some of the things we need to do to prevent this are simple lifestyle changes such as cutting back on sugary drinks and fast food, changes in our school lunches and limiting television time. These are simple things that can make a big difference. Obesity is usually defined as excess body fat. However, since excess body fat is difficult to measure, obesity is normally defined as excess body weight as measured by BMI. â€Å"O verweight is defined as having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water, or a combination of these factors.3 O besity i s defined as having excess body fat.† (C enters for Disease Control and Prevention) There are a lot of things that play a role in causing childhood obesity such as; consuming too many calories, genes, metabolism, not getting enough physical activity, 1 ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼ ï ¿ ¼2 ï ¿ ¼behavior, environment, and culture. â€Å"M any aspects influence the dietary and physicalShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity: A Gowing Problem Around the World649 Words   |  3 PagesObesity is a growing problem all around the world for far too many children. Obesity means a person has too much body fat. Body fat is measured by a person’s body mass index. When one is measuring a person’s body mass index, they are finding their height and body weight then comparing it to the recommendations made by doctors for each age and gender. After doctors calculate it, they then find a percentile rank to determine present and future health issues. Around the world, childhood obesity hasRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Childhood Obesity1216 Words   |  5 Pagesintervening in order to combat the epidemic of childhood obesity claim that, â€Å"parents who strive to keep their kids healthy may not have all the tools they need to do so† (â€Å"Childhood Obesity.† Issues Controversies). Therefore supporters agree that the government â€Å"should step in and enable parents to do the best job they can† (â€Å"Childhood Obesity.† Issues Controversies). 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When obesity is a problem at a y oung age it is very easy to have, itRead MoreThe Economics Of Obesity And Obesity1180 Words   |  5 PagesEconomics of Obesity Obesity’s presence has reached much larger magnitudes than ever before in human history. 33% of adults and above 20% of children in the U.S. are classified as obese as concluded by Duke University (â€Å"Over a Lifetime†). Although obesity appears to be strictly a medical problem, many new studies are showing that obesity is linked to numerous factors such as society, technology, politics, and economics. As a result of multifarious fields, reducing childhood obesity in the U.S. isRead MoreBusiness Proposal From Unite Against Obesity: A Nonprofit Organization for Prevention of Pediatric Obesity1705 Words   |  7 PagesAgainst Obesity: A Nonprofit Organization for Prevention of Pediatric Obesity. A Proposal 2. 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The North Louisiana Criminal Justice Academy - 1381 Words

Catherine Player Criminal Justice December 9, 2014 Dr. Montgomery-Scott National Organization for Victim Assistance North Louisiana Criminal Justice Academy The History of the Program The North Louisiana Criminal Justice Academy was established in 2006.According to Whittington (2006), â€Å"Since it first opened its doors in 2006, the North Louisiana Criminal Justice Academy has hosted seminars, workshops and regional training for all emergency services professionals throughout the nation. It is one of five regional north Louisiana P.O.S.T. -accredited Academies to offer Basic Law Enforcement Training and P.O.S.T. Refresher courses, for newly appointed and existing law enforcement personnel. The Academy jointly hosts classes with such respected agencies as the FBI, HIDTA, ROCIC, ROCTA and The Louisiana Office of Homeland Security, to name but a few. The North Louisiana Criminal Justice Academy proudly partners with the Bossier Parish Community College, to ensure graduating recruits have the opportunity to obtain college credit for the courses they have completed while attending the P.O.S.T. Basic Law Enforcement Academy.† This academy was established a nd created to ensure proper training with the sheriffs office and is alsoShow MoreRelatedEssay about Juvenile Life Without Parole, Cruel or Just Unusual?3438 Words   |  14 Pagesand incorporated into many international human rights documents. Currently as of May 2009, an estimated 2,500 juveniles (ranging in age from 13 to 17) in the United States are serving a sentence of life without parole. Iraq doesnt do it and North Korea considers it a cruel form of punishment. However, in the United States sentencing a juvenile to life in prison without the possibility of parole is legal. 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The global political environment remains volatile and uncertain, with ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and Africa and continuing tensions in Iran, North Korea, Iraq, and Afghanistan, especially as the U.S. role in these latter two countries evolves. On the economic front, failure to conclude important trade agreements, including the so-called â€Å"Development† Round of multilateral trade negotiations underRead MoreThe Censorship of Art Essay example14698 Words   |à ‚  59 Pagesoften discussed, and from a legal point of view most important, cases. It should be noted, however, that next to these cases other legal interventions in popular music did occur after, as well a before, the PMRC’s activities. In 1986, for instance, criminal charges were filed against Jello Biafra, lead singer of the Dead Kennedys for having inserted a poster inside of the band’s album Frankenchrist. The poster, painted by H.R. Giger, is called Landscape # 20: Where Are We Coming From? 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Anorexia Essay Example For Students

Anorexia Essay Vanessa PereiraEnglish 2Mrs. Skacel24 March 1998Thesis Statement: Anorexia Nervosa effects a person both physically and mentally. Anorexia is one percent of most prevalent eating disorder disease. The word anorexia itself means, lack of appetite. Anorexia is an all-encompassing pursuit of thinness occurring. The person effected by Anorexia has an absolutely fear of becoming obese (Matthew 4). Approximately one percent of adolescent girls develops Anorexia Nervosa, a dangerous condition in which they can literally starve themselves to death. People who starve intentionally starve themselves suffer from an eating disorder. The disorder, which usually begins in the young people around the time of puberty, involves extreme weight loss. At least fifteen percent below the individuals normal body weight. Many people with the disorder look emaciated, but are convinced they are over weight (Matthew 5). Anorexia Nervosa has three Diagnostic Criteria. One is refusal to maintain body weight at or above normal. The other is, intense fear of becoming fat, even though under average weight. The last one is, Disturbance in the way in which ones body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self- evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of low body weight (Long 15). Anorexia Nervosa has two specific types, one is Restricting type and the other is Binge-Eating/Purging type. Restricting type during the current episode of Anorexia Nervosa, the person has not regularly engaged in binge- eating or purging behavior. In Binge- Eating /Purging type, during the current episode of Anorexia Nervosa, the person has regularly engaged in binge-eating/purging behavior (Rockwell 10). Anorexia may not be noticed in early stages. The Anorexic usually chooses to wear layered and baggy clothes to hide the ugly fat body .An Anorexic may have ritualistic eating patterns such as cutting food into little tiny pieces and weighing themselves. These can be found in people who are on a healthy diet, but in Anorexics these behaviors are extremely exaggerated. Other warnings are deliberate self-starvation with weight loss, fear of gaining weight, refusal to eat, denial of hunger, constant exercising, sensitivity to cold, absent or irregular periods, loss of scalp perception of being fat when the person is really to this. Some other associated features are depressed mood, somatic sexual dysfunction, and guilt obsession, anxious fearful dependent personality (ODwyer 15). Anorexia causes many problems to the Anorexic. Girls stop having menstrual periods, dry skin and thinning hair on the head, grow fine hair all over body, they may get sick often, Hypothermia, often in a bad mood, they have a hard time concentrating and are always thinking about food. It is not true that they never feel hungry. Actually they are always hungry. Feeling hunger gives them a feeling of control over their lives and their bodies. It makes them feel like they are good at something they are good at losing weight. Some of other major problems are superior mesenteric artery syndrome, major depressive schizophrenia, social phobia, compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, Bulimia Nervosa could occur. People with severe Anorexia Nervosa may be at risk of death from starvation. Of seven million women aged 15 to 35 who have an eating disorder, will die from complications of Anorexia. Most famous case was Karen Carpente, pop singer who died from heart failure resulting from An orexia. (Long 15). Family and friends have to love the anorexic. People with Anorexia feel safe, secure and comfortable with their illness. Their biggest fear is gaining weight; it is seen as losing control to them. They will beg and lie to avoid eating or gaining weight, which is like giving up to the illness (Matthew 20). Hospitalization is one very important step in trying to overcome Anorexia Nervosa. The patient will resist hospitalization and will plead to be discharged. Patients family should fully support the decision to hospitalize the patient. In hospitalization the patient will be weighed daily after urination. The following are other procedure in hospitalization: daily fluid intake and urine out put, if vomiting Serum Electrolytes must be regularly tested, bathroom should be inaccessible for two hours after meals, follow a diet of 1,500 to 2,000 calories a day, and six equal feedings through out the day (Long 19). .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa , .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .postImageUrl , .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa , .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa:hover , .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa:visited , .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa:active { border:0!important; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa:active , .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff3ecf578f49bbec9c731cee6f5268aa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Aztecs EssayDrugs also play an important role in the treatment of

Toyota Corporation Company Change Implementation Process

Free Essays on Being A Lesbian Is A Political Choice

Lesbian Families When I first signed up for the Lesbian Families Team Presentation I was a little tentative because I didn’t know what to expect. Whenever I heard the word â€Å"Lesbian†, I would always cringe a little inside because to me that is not a normal life style. As our group was brainstorming ideas for our presentation I said that I would do a brief history for this topic. Throughout my research, I realized that being a lesbian is a life style, and even though being a lesbian is a life style, we are all humans that deserve a fair chance at life. Just because lesbians might act differently, dress differently, and talk differently, that doesn’t mean that they should be excluded from a normal life in general. Being a lesbian is a political choice. The development of Lesbian-Feminist politics as the basis for the Liberation of women is a Lesbians’ top priority. All lesbians are now in revolt because all Lesbians define themselves in terms of a woman and reject the male definitions of how she should feel, act, look, and live. On the other side of things the male society defines the lesbians as a sexual act, and the lesbian society rejects males sexual and political domination; she defies his world, his social organization, his ideology, and his definition of her. Speaking in terms of how lesbians’ think, the lesbian is a woman-identified woman who commits herself to women not only as an alternative to oppressive male/female relationships but primarily because she loves women. Therefore woman-identified lesbianism is, then more than a sexual preference. It is a political choice. Women in the movement have in most cases gone to great lengths to avoid discussion and confrontation with the issue of lesbianism. It makes other very up tight, to know that they are talking to a lesbian. They people are hostile or try to incorporate conversation into some broader issue. When lesbians are put into this situation the... Free Essays on Being A Lesbian Is A Political Choice Free Essays on Being A Lesbian Is A Political Choice Lesbian Families When I first signed up for the Lesbian Families Team Presentation I was a little tentative because I didn’t know what to expect. Whenever I heard the word â€Å"Lesbian†, I would always cringe a little inside because to me that is not a normal life style. As our group was brainstorming ideas for our presentation I said that I would do a brief history for this topic. Throughout my research, I realized that being a lesbian is a life style, and even though being a lesbian is a life style, we are all humans that deserve a fair chance at life. Just because lesbians might act differently, dress differently, and talk differently, that doesn’t mean that they should be excluded from a normal life in general. Being a lesbian is a political choice. The development of Lesbian-Feminist politics as the basis for the Liberation of women is a Lesbians’ top priority. All lesbians are now in revolt because all Lesbians define themselves in terms of a woman and reject the male definitions of how she should feel, act, look, and live. On the other side of things the male society defines the lesbians as a sexual act, and the lesbian society rejects males sexual and political domination; she defies his world, his social organization, his ideology, and his definition of her. Speaking in terms of how lesbians’ think, the lesbian is a woman-identified woman who commits herself to women not only as an alternative to oppressive male/female relationships but primarily because she loves women. Therefore woman-identified lesbianism is, then more than a sexual preference. It is a political choice. Women in the movement have in most cases gone to great lengths to avoid discussion and confrontation with the issue of lesbianism. It makes other very up tight, to know that they are talking to a lesbian. They people are hostile or try to incorporate conversation into some broader issue. When lesbians are put into this situation the...

Nature, Wilderness and Place Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nature, Wilderness and Place - Essay Example The terms ‘nature,’ ‘wilderness,’ and ‘place’ are crucial in society and in different communities. People have different perceptions and understanding of these terms mainly because of the diversity of experiences among human communities. Therefore, the relationship between wilderness, nature, and place keeps evolving, as the people’s perceptions about these also change over time. Most societies have the philosophy, ethics, and values, which specifically address nature, wilderness, and their relationship with these. However, different philosophers, activists, and writers in the past have also developed various philosophical approaches, which are associated with the concepts of nature, wilderness, and place. Basing on various philosophical approaches therefore, this essay will focus on the various ways we understand ‘nature,’ ‘wilderness,’ and ‘place’ and how the similarities and differences in these w ords shape our overall understanding of each of them individually, and as a whole. There is no absolute definition of the ideas of â€Å"nature,† â€Å"wilderness,† and â€Å"place† since these vary within human societies, because of the diversity in worldviews and interactions with the environment. The culture of the human society keeps changing with time. However, some cultural aspects are preserved and transferred from one generation to the next. For instance, from the old world came the aspect of Romanticism and the idea of the sublime, which were both preserved and passed down to the new world. In the ideals of Romanticism, the concept of nature was associated with God. On the other hand, the aspect of nature and wilderness was associated with beauty, as well as terror. Emerson and Thoreau focused on the various views of wilderness and wild places. These used different styles to relay the message to the society, that it is important to experience and apprec iate the beauty of nature and wilderness, as this is beneficial to a person as a whole, as well as the entire society. Similarly, Gary Snyder in his essay, "The Etiquette of Freedom," focuses on the elements of freedom, wildness, culture, and nature. He describes nature in different ways, based on how different communities perceive it, including the Latin and the Chinese, among others. The word ‘nature,’ according to Synder, has diverse meanings, depending on the type of community. However, primarily, nature includes the physical world, which comprise all living things, and the excludes all the features of civilization. Alternatively, Snyder adopts a broader meaning of nature to represent "the creative and regulative physical power which is conceived of as operating in the material world and as the immediate cause of all its phenomena" (Snyder 8). Apart from nature being perceived differently by various communities, there is a relationship between nature and the divine. Emerson, a prominent transcendentalist, believed that through a positive relationship with the wilderness, human beings would interact with the divine being, and exhibit their moral responsibility. In Emerson’s piece of writing titled â€Å"Nature,† he focuses on the balanced relationship between human beings and the wilderness. In this article, Emerson considers the stars to be one of the evidences of the existence of a god: â€Å"But if a man is alone, let him look at the stars† (Emerson 528). The stars, according to Emerson, are part of nature, which he argues that have the power to alienate man. Similarly, Thoreau in his work â€Å"Walden† brings out a similar effect of nature: â€Å"Yet I experienced sometimes that the most sweet and tender, the most innocent and encouraging society may be found in any natural object, even for the poor misanthrope and most melancholy man. There

Data analysis report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Data analysis - Lab Report Example According to Ajzen (1988); Ajzen (1991); O’Donnel et al. (1994) and Conner (1993), a persons planned behaviour change has a significant contribution to his/her attitudes towards various conditions. Further, to them, the success of the planned behaviour significantly depends on the social-economic situation of the person in the past, present and future aspirations. Ajzen and Driver (1991: 1992); Ajzen and Fishbein (1980); Dejoy and Wilson (1995); DeVellis et al. (1990) and Newcomb et al. (1992) support the above assertions arguing that if one plans to do away of a certain behaviour, then there are strings attached which range from financial stability to family cohesion. Further, intentions and wishes to abandon a certain habit depend on time and gender. From research, time affects any outcome since other factors come into play which might significantly affect the results or influence earlier readings/measurements. The way a person acts now has a significant bearing on how he/she will react in the near future as well as in a distant future. Godin et al. (1993); Adams (1994); Godin (1993) and Heatherton et al. (1991) argue that time lapse has effects not only on the results but also on the validity and reliability of research findings. This is so because of factorial design impacts on the end-term outcome. Gender on the other hand is a very important aspect to consider in planned behaviour changes as it is believed that females are better and more confident to follow a rule they had set than males as the later are easy to influence and change their track than females. Hellman et al. (1991); Godin et al. (1992); Liska (1984); MacKay (1994) and Joreskog and Sorbom (1993) is support of the above argument argue that females are more likely to convince of the negative impact of an habit than their male counterparts since they are most likely to give it a hearing

The Importance Of Accuracy And Fluency

The Importance Of Accuracy And Fluency Accuracy and fluency are two key components of second language acquisition. In todays world, it seems that learning the usage of grammar and focusing on accuracy are emphasized by many language students over fluency. This topic of accuracy and fluency has been a controversial issue that has been discussed for many years. Although some formalists argue that learning a language means learning forms and rules, some activists take a different view and claim that learning a language means learning how to use a language (Eskey, 1983). Thus, this essay will argue that accuracy is not necessarily more important than fluency. It depends on learners needs and the purpose of instruction in second language acquisition. In order to demonstrate this, this essay will first focus on the importance of accuracy and fluency in English learning and show that they are both essential by looking at two different teaching methods. Second, it will turn to discuss both accuracy and fluency in term of learner goals, learner variables and instructional variables. Third, it will suggest what language teachers should do to deal with the issue and find the right balance between them. The importance of accuracy and fluency In this section, it will be argued that both accuracy and fluency are needed in second language acquisition. There has been much discussion about these two components, with arguments put forward in support of either one of the other. However, it will be shown that neither component is useful without the other. Early teaching methods promoted accuracy over fluency. For instance, the Grammar-Translation Method has been used by language teachers for many years. It is the traditional style of teaching method emphasizing grammar explanation and translation (Cook, 2001). In such a method, it is important for students to learn about the form of the target language. The role of the teacher is the authority. Students merely do what the teacher says and learn from the teacher, and many students consider that correct answers are essential. If they make errors or do not know an answer, it is the teachers duty to supply them with the correct answer. However, accuracy cannot be regarded as enough in language learning. According to Larsen-Freeman (2000), in the Grammar-Translation Method, the language that is used in class is mostly the students native language. In this case, there is much less attention to second language speaking and listening. When it comes to speaking and listening skills, fluency needs to be taken account in language learning. For this reason, other methods have emphasized fluency in language learning. It is clear that these approaches are built on learning the use of language not on learning the usage of it. For example, compared with the Grammar-Translation Method, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) emphasizes the process of communication rather than just focusing on language forms (Larsen-Freeman, 2000). Since the concept of CLT places an emphasis on fluency, errors of form can be seen as a natural outcome of the development of communication skills. Another argument in favour of fluency is the implementation of language in an authentic environment. In the real world, language is mostly used to express feeling and thought (Eskey, 1983). When there is a purpose to exchange meaning, fluency is the key element during communication. While communicating with each other, foreign language learners often encounter the difficulty, that is, what they know how to say does not achieve their communicative intention. In order to bridge the gap of such discrepancy, learners may use communicative strategies, such as prediction to make the communication successful. This is because if communicators are in the same context, one may predict what the other is going to say next. For example, before the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, taxi drivers in Beijing were trained in order to obtain English speaking ability so that they could communicate with foreign tourists fluently. In this situation, although the taxi drivers were poor at grammar rules, they still can communicate with foreigners. This is because the driver can predict where the foreign passenger will go since their destination may be related to the Olympic Games. In this case, although some grammatical errors exist, communicators can still understand each other because they are in the same context. When listeners can not understand what speakers mean, they usually predict the following conversation and provide immediate response with speakers in the process of meaning negotiation. However, it must be remembered that the achievement of this level of communicative competence does not mean an equal one of grammatical competence (Eskey, 1983). As Eskey (1983: 319) claims, fluency in a language is no guarantee of formal accuracy. A realistic concern is that focusing on fluency may cause the significant effect on accuracy. According to Eskey (1983: 319), rewarding a learners fluency may, in some cases, actually impede his or her achievement of accuracy. For example, in order to get meaning across, language learners find the words, but they either pronounce them wrongly or put them together inappropriately. Such problem happens due to the fact that they can speak English continually but express themselves poorly. Thus, although accuracy is not enough by itself, it is still considered as necessary in language learning. Although learners can still communicate the message to make sense without correct form, it can not be denied that in order to use the language, learners still need to be able to convert linguistic forms into the ability to actually use then. Therefore, when using CLT approach, correcting for accuracy will still be offered by teachers. Although prediction in communicative context may benefit successful communication, fluency is not enough in this circumstance. Without accuracy, misunderstanding may occur because of misspelling, poor pronunciation and grammatical structures. It is therefore clear that as language teachers, both fluency and accuracy must be equally concerned in teaching students to use a language. The elements towards focusing on accuracy and fluency As the first section has mentioned, both accuracy and fluency are needed in the process of language learning. In this section, it will be argued that although these two components are equally necessary, there are three elements that may influence focus on them. The first element to consider is learner goals. It is suggested that many ESL teachers facilitate their students to develop communicative competence to really use the language for authentic purpose. Nonetheless, what students learn from the teacher may not be the outcome that the teacher supposes them to acquire. For example, if Thai children learn English in a rural Thai village, the outcome of language achievement may not all be positive. This is because these children do not need to use English as a tool in their daily life. In contrast, if Thai children learn English in order to sell products to foreigners, then there may be concern about a purpose for communicative competence. Moreover, if they want to pursue higher education in England, accuracy needs to be focused in language learning. Therefore, it seems that the need for accuracy and fluency relates to what goals learners want to achieve. It is considered that learner variables are also a key element which influences the focus on accuracy or fluency. According to Celce-Murcia (1985), a strategy guideline is provided to assist teachers in determining what degree they ought to focus on form in their own classes. In his study, learner variables include age, proficiency level and educational background. It is noted that every individual learns in different ways. Compared with adolescents and adults, young children seem to be more holistic in learning a concept instead of doing apparent analysis. This is because they are too young to analyse the structure of a language. Therefore, if young ESL learners are taught, it is most likely that little grammar instruction is needed. However, if the students are adolescents or adults, focusing on form may be more important. It is also suggested that education level is relevant to focus on accuracy or fluency. This is because teaching learners with preliterate level differs from teaching ones with literate level. If adults are at the level of beginners with little formal education, then focusing on form will be less important while fluency is the top priority. On the other hand, if the learners are at the intermediate or advanced level and are well educated, accuracy may be required and it may be necessary for the teacher to provide some feedback relating to form correction in order for them to make progress. Therefore, focusing on accuracy is not enough, fluency still needs to be concerned in terms of learners age, proficiency level and educational background. Moreover, instructional variables can be seen as the third element, which includes skill, register and need. It is suggested that the need of focus on accuracy and fluency also changes according to the purpose of the instruction. For instance, according to Celce-Murcia (1985), when the teacher is teaching receptive skills, such as listening or reading, the emphasis on form will be less important, since these skills require competence primarily in word recognition. Nevertheless, this does not mean accuracy can be neglected, because when knowing grammatical structure, learners can build up logical connection between sentences, which facilitates both listening and reading comprehension. On the other hand, if the teacher is focusing on productive skills, such as speaking and writing, then formal accuracy will become an essential concern. In addition, it has to be remembered that fluency is still needed for communication purpose. This is because if the teacher is offering a conversation class which purpose is for learners to really use the language to communicate with others, then fluency will be emphasized. Furthermore, if the learners immediate need is survival communication, formal accuracy is less focused. On the other hand, if the learner wants to use the language in a professional field, such as writing an academic essay or being a diplomat, then a high degree of formal accuracy is essential. The higher the stakes, the more likely that accuracy will be important (Eskey, 1983: 318). Therefore, it is clear that both accuracy and fluency are needed and whether focusing on accuracy or fluency depends on learner needs and course objectives. Approaches of finding balance between accuracy and fluency a) Course design and needs assessment Based on these three elements mentioned above, it is suggested that teachers should find the right balance between accuracy and fluency. Eskey (1983) argues that: Teachers must be prepared to deal with students who know grammar rules but can not speak the language fluently; likewise, they must also be prepared to deal with students who are fluent but not accurate (Eskey, 1983). In order to balance accuracy and fluency in language learning and teaching, it is suggested that both these components need to be taught in the process of learning situation. Thus, in this section, it will suggest methods of keeping a balance between accuracy and fluency in term of course design and needs assessment. It has been argued that many language learners have learned grammar rules, but when they want to express themselves, they do not have enough authentic experience of using languages (Celce-Murcia, 1985). Such result may be due to the fact that teaching materials does not provide learners with the context relevant to the communicative situation. In order to solve this problem, Celce-Murcia (1985) suggests an integrating grammar instruction into a communicative curriculum providing purposeful task-based discourse samples. For example, for the general purpose language learners, their beginning level course may start with teaching grammar-meaning correspondences, such as present tense versus past tense. By giving the time frame, students can easily distinguish the difference between these two tenses. After that, students are then taught grammar-function correspondences, such as the tone of must is stronger than need to. As soon as these two basic levels have been established, the teacher can offer discourse-level grammar, such as use of conjunctions. In this case, students not only acquire the grammar rules which focus on accuracy but also apply it for purposeful discourse which focuses on fluency. By this course designed to integrate form, meaning and content, it is possible for learners to balance accuracy and fluency in the communication (Celce-Murcia, 1985). However, there is a simple question about why learners need to balance accuracy and fluency. The answer to this question relates to English for specific purpose (ESP). According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987), courses should be designed to meet learners needs. This may suggest that language teachers should note which learners need more attention on accuracy or fluency. To achieve this goal, for instance, teachers need to gather information about learners needs on accuracy and fluency and identify their target situation by using questionnaires, interviews, observation and informal consultations with learners before a course. Having done this, teachers analyse strategies required to cope in target situation, and then create syllabus which is a document saying which aspect needs more effort on accuracy or fluency. After that, select and design materials to focus on these strategies in syllabus. Finally, after teaching the materials, teachers establish evaluation procedures to test lear ners acquisition of accuracy and fluency (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987). b) Evaluation and feedback In this section, it will be argued that course design and needs assessment are not enough. The evaluation and feedback afterwards from learners can also help teachers find the right balance between accuracy and fluency. Evaluation can be defined as a whole process of action which begins with decision of information gathering and ends with change in current courses or influence on future ones (Dudley-Evans and St John, 1998). According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987: 145), an ESP course, after all, is supposed to be successful. This is because it is designed for particular learners to achieve particular objective with language level of accuracy and fluency. There are two levels of evaluation. The first one is learner assessment. Students performance is assessed at strategic points, such as at the beginning and at the end of the course. This is because ESP concerns with the necessary skills for particular learners to carry out communicative tasks. This kind of assessment enables teachers to determine how much focus on accuracy and fluency is needed (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987). As ESP teachers, they need to consider if the objectives are too ambitious for learners. If so, the learners initial language competence may be overestimated. For example, a teacher designs a syllabus by analysing students needs. Students are expected to present written work and make an oral presentation in accurate English. After teaching, the teacher may find that serious weakness in grammar leads to unclearness of students oral presentation. Although the course contains the objectives of achieving certain level of accuracy and fluency, perhaps students achieve more on either one of them, and then students will require more specific help by teaching both accuracy and fluency used in the context relevant to their needs. The second one is course evaluation by learners. This helps teachers to demonstrate how well the course actually meets a particular educational aim. Therefore, evaluation not only reflects learners performance on accuracy and fluency during the process of learning but also shows how effective students feel the course was. In this case, if they feel the ESP course fails to meet their goal, then there must be something wrong with course design or methodology. It is therefore clear that both learner and course evaluation have a similar function in providing feedback on the ESP course (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987). Moreover, the feedback of the learning outcome is essential not only for students but also for teachers. This is because feedback reflects students learning achievement on accuracy and fluency and the effectiveness of teaching. Therefore, how to evaluate learning and teaching to obtain feedback is important to teachers. In order to find the balance between accuracy and fluency, evaluation and feedback are essential not only at the beginning of the course but also after the instruction. Conclusion In conclusion, although accuracy has been emphasised by many language students, as the three sections mentioned above, it can clearly be seen that both accuracy and fluency are important at different needs for different people of different priorities. Despite the fact that some arguments show that accuracy is essential for learners to acquire linguistic form to produce the language, this is not enough. Fluency is still needed considering the language implementation in an authentic environment. This essay has suggested that both accuracy and fluency are needed in second language acquisition. Whether to focus more on accuracy or fluency depends on learners needs and course objectives. Therefore, language teachers can find the right balance of accuracy and fluency by using an ESP approach to design courses relevant to the needs and objectives. Thus, these courses can maximise the effects of teaching and learning through evaluation and feedback. Although ESP can solve this problem, teachers ability to design the course should be taken into consideration. Therefore, it is suggested that teacher training program is certainly necessary and the real development may be made in the future.

What is the role of dreams in John Steinbeck’s novella :: English Literature

What is the role of dreams in John Steinbeck’s novella ‘Of Mice and Men’ In John Steinbeck’s novella, ‘Of Mice and Men,’ the role of dreams plays a very important part. The book was written during the ‘Great Depression,’ which occurred just after the well known ‘Wall Street Crash.’ The book Of Mice and Men was set in the depression of the 1930’s in California in a place called Soledad. Men travelled around looking for any work they could find, they had to leave families and their homes just to make money. Even firms and companies went bankrupt; these were depressing and desperate times, with no hope and definitely no future. The Great depression caused long-term unemployment, migration, poverty and many young men had to travel across the nation to find a job in places such as California. As a consequence to the Great Depression, almost all of the citizens of the United States lived lives that were filled with unfulfilled dreams. Without dreams, no one would have a reason to keep going. In this essay, I will look at several of the main characters, whose desire and vision of their dreams draws them together in the only way that it will counteract the loneliness of their existence. The thought of achieving a personal dream seems to be the driving force behind the American society during the era of the ‘Depression.’ This was a time when many dreams were created; dreams of being successful, owning a land and looking after animals or growing crops. The people who had these dreams were mostly ranch workers, or migrants, people who never stay in one place long enough to form ever-lasting relationships, hence the dreams of many of the ranch workers in this beautiful novel. The American Dream Everyone has a dream to strive for. The poor ranch hands wish to be their own bosses, and actually have stability. George and Lennie have a dream, even before they arrive at their new job on the ranch, to make enough money to live â€Å"off the fatta the land† and be their own bosses. Lennie will then be permitted to tend the rabbits. Candy, upon hearing about the dream, wants to join them so that he will not be left alone, especially after they killed his dog. From the 17th Century, when the first settlers arrived, immigrants dreamed of a better life in America. People went there to escape from persecution or poverty, and to make a new life for themselves. They dreamed of making their fortunes in the goldfields. For many the dream became a nightmare. The horrors of slavery, of the American Civil War, What is the role of dreams in John Steinbeck’s novella :: English Literature What is the role of dreams in John Steinbeck’s novella ‘Of Mice and Men’ In John Steinbeck’s novella, ‘Of Mice and Men,’ the role of dreams plays a very important part. The book was written during the ‘Great Depression,’ which occurred just after the well known ‘Wall Street Crash.’ The book Of Mice and Men was set in the depression of the 1930’s in California in a place called Soledad. Men travelled around looking for any work they could find, they had to leave families and their homes just to make money. Even firms and companies went bankrupt; these were depressing and desperate times, with no hope and definitely no future. The Great depression caused long-term unemployment, migration, poverty and many young men had to travel across the nation to find a job in places such as California. As a consequence to the Great Depression, almost all of the citizens of the United States lived lives that were filled with unfulfilled dreams. Without dreams, no one would have a reason to keep going. In this essay, I will look at several of the main characters, whose desire and vision of their dreams draws them together in the only way that it will counteract the loneliness of their existence. The thought of achieving a personal dream seems to be the driving force behind the American society during the era of the ‘Depression.’ This was a time when many dreams were created; dreams of being successful, owning a land and looking after animals or growing crops. The people who had these dreams were mostly ranch workers, or migrants, people who never stay in one place long enough to form ever-lasting relationships, hence the dreams of many of the ranch workers in this beautiful novel. The American Dream Everyone has a dream to strive for. The poor ranch hands wish to be their own bosses, and actually have stability. George and Lennie have a dream, even before they arrive at their new job on the ranch, to make enough money to live â€Å"off the fatta the land† and be their own bosses. Lennie will then be permitted to tend the rabbits. Candy, upon hearing about the dream, wants to join them so that he will not be left alone, especially after they killed his dog. From the 17th Century, when the first settlers arrived, immigrants dreamed of a better life in America. People went there to escape from persecution or poverty, and to make a new life for themselves. They dreamed of making their fortunes in the goldfields. For many the dream became a nightmare. The horrors of slavery, of the American Civil War,

Christopher Columbus: Hero or Zero

Christopher Columbus: Hero or Zero? In October we celebrate the man who found America. People are taught at a young age that Christopher Columbus was a hero when in fact he was a murderer. Yes, he found a land that was unknown to his people, but in his findings, he murdered, raped and enslaved the true natives of this country. Columbus and his men destroyed the civilizations, cultures, and land of the Native Americans. These actions should not be portrayed as heroic. When you read about his thoughts and actions during his voyages, you can see that Columbus was not civil towards the natives he encountered.When he first sighted what he called â€Å"Indians† he saw a group of unclothed people, their nakedness, to him, represented lack of culture and religion. To Columbus, this was an opportunity to spread the word of God and exploit the Native Americans. He thought they would be easy to defeat because of their apparent defenseless and a source of profit because the Native America ns could easily be enslaved. It clearly did not occur to Columbus to consider these people anything but slaves. His thoughts were only a fraction as to what was to come.In Columbus’s letters you can sense his arrogant attitude in claiming the lands he found. He wrote a letter telling of his discovery to his friend Luis de Santangel, in this letter he wrote, â€Å"And there I found very many islands filled with people innumerable and of them all I have taken possession for their Highnesses†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Columbus never considered the fact that these islands, and their inhabitants, were not his to take and change as he pleased. Columbus informed Spain of his new discovery when returned.He brought with him many new things, as well as kidnapped Indians to pay tribute to Spain and lionize himself. Any Indians that were not taken to Spain were made slaves on the islands. The settlers that came to the islands with Columbus were allowed to select any Indian they wanted for a slave. E nslavement was inevitable and no one seemed bothered by the mistreatment of the Native Americans. Columbus and his people deemed themselves as superior to them. Enslavement was not the only thing the Native Americans had to endure; Columbus also threatened and intimidated them and even tortured and killed them.Columbus felt Christians did no wrong so they never got punished for their inhumane actions towards Indians and he was in charge so he felt he could do as he pleased without consequence. Many people terrorized the Indians and instead of Columbus punishing the culprit he punished the Indian victims. Instances like that led to a war between Columbus and the settlers, and the Indians. Indians did not have the weapons necessary to defeat the settlers and were wiped out; those that were not killed were captured. Accounts of rape that Columbus and his men committed were reported by people who he traveled with.Columbus would pass captured native women out to his men so therefore they believed they did not need the women’s consent and as horrible as this seems, those were the less violent acts towards the Indians. Columbus and the settlers were very cruel. They would make examples out of Indians by doing things like cutting their hands off and telling them to share the message and they would slaughter entire villages including children. These are the acts that Columbus and his men partook in. Christopher Columbus should never have been nor should be considered a hero.He destroyed what he discovered, wiped out an entire population and never finished his goal of finding a route to Asia. How is that heroic?Works Cited â€Å"Marvelous possessions: the wonder of the New World† By Stephen Greenblatt ^quote on page 2 found on page 52^ â€Å"A short account of the destruction of the Indies† By Bartolome de las Casas Columbus: Letter to Louis De Santangel, 1493 http://www. wwnorton. com/college/history/ralph/workbook/ralprs19. htm â€Å"The mysterio us history of Columbus: an exploration of the man, the myth, the legacy† By John Noble Wilford

Should Euthanasia be Prohibited Essay examples - 1553 Words

Imagine a man, sixty years of age, who has just been told by a medical doctor that his wife of forty-three years has contracted an incurable and terminal disease. The medical doctor informs the man that his spouse’s condition will begin to deteriorate. The disease will lead to chronic acute pain in the body, followed by loss of motor functions, and eventually death. The man is living in the moment knowing that nothing can be done to prevent his wife’s disease from progressing, and in despair he chooses to over medicate her with painkillers. In his mind, the painkillers will allow her to evade pain and enter a realm of eternal sleep. This action is called euthanasia. Euthanasia is defined as â€Å"a deliberate act undertaken by one person with†¦show more content†¦The Hippocratic Oath, whether in its classical or modern version, has a set of ethical principles that doctors must uphold to the highest standards when caring for their patients. The practice of euth anasia, however, contradicts the very nature of the medical profession, which presupposes that doctors must always strive to protect and preserve life. In â€Å"Hippocrates Seduced,† Patrick Beeman mentions the classical version of the Hippocratic Oath that doctors recite upon graduation from medical school: I will follow that system of regimen which, according to my ability and judgment, I consider for the benefit of my patients, and abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous. I will give no deadly medicine to anyone if asked, nor suggest any such counsel; and in like manner I will not give to a woman a pessary to produce abortion. (17) Here, the Hippocratic Oath states that doctors should always act in the best interest of their patients and protect them from harm. They will not offer dangerous medication, nor persuade or coerce them to take it (Beeman 17). Administering lethal injections or drug dosages to terminally ill-patients for the purpose of hastening death is a violation of the principles enshrined in the Hippocratic corpus. Furthermore, the principles in the Hippocratic Oath, which doctors areShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia: The Second Death of Animals1000 Words   |  4 Pagesmake animals beautiful, but what pet’s body structure looks like should be learnt for s tudying the subject. She said all of the sacrificed animals for anatomy classes are abandoned animals. This is because, according to her, once abandoned animals are sent to an animal shelter, they will be euthanized unless they are adopted in 10 days. 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